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Study of genetic diversity and relationships among accessions of foxtail millet [Setaria italica (L.) P. Beauv.] in Korea, China, and Pakistan using SSR markers

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Abstract

In this study, 28 simple sequence repeat (SSR) primer sets were used to analyze the genetic diversity, population structure, and genetic relationships among 37 accessions of foxtail millet from Korea, China and Pakistan. A total of 298 alleles were detected with an average allele number of 10.6 per locus among 37 foxtail millet accessions. The number of alleles per locus ranged from 2 (b226) to 20 (b236). Of the 298 alleles, 138 alleles (46.3%) were rare (frequency < 0.05), 152 alleles (51.0%) were detected at an intermediate frequency (range, 0.05–0.50), and eight alleles (2.7%) were abundant (frequency > 0.50), respectively. The average gene diversity values were 0.652, 0.692, and 0.491 and polymorphic information content values were 0.621, 0.653, and 0.438, for accessions from Korea, China, and Pakistan, respectively. The accessions from China showed higher SSR diversity than those from Korea and Pakistan. A phylogenetic tree constructed using the un-weighted pair group methods with arithmetic mean algorithm revealed three major groups of accessions that were not congruent with geographical distribution patterns with a few exceptions. The lack of correlation between the accession clusters and their geographic location indicates that the diffusion of foxtail millet from China to Korea might have occurred through multiple routes. Our results provide support for the origin and diffusion route of foxtail millet in East Asia. This SSR-based assessment of genetic diversity, genetic relationships, and population structure among genetic resources of foxtail millet landraces will be valuable to foxtail millet breeding and genetic conservation programs in Korea.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Applied Plant Sciences, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 200-701, Korea

    Eun Ji Kim, Kyu Jin Sa & Ju Kyong Lee

  2. Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 200-701, Korea

    Kyong-Cheul Park

  3. Bioherb Research Institute, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 200-701, Korea

    Ju Kyong Lee

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  1. Eun Ji Kim
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  2. Kyu Jin Sa
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  3. Kyong-Cheul Park
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  4. Ju Kyong Lee
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Correspondence to Ju Kyong Lee.

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Kim, E.J., Sa, K.J., Park, KC. et al. Study of genetic diversity and relationships among accessions of foxtail millet [Setaria italica (L.) P. Beauv.] in Korea, China, and Pakistan using SSR markers. Genes Genom 34, 529–538 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13258-012-0074-0

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