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Polymorphonuclear Neutrophil in Brain Parenchyma After Experimental Intracerebral Hemorrhage

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Abstract

Polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMNs) infiltration into brain parenchyma after cerebrovascular accidents is viewed as a key component of secondary brain injury. Interestingly, a recent study of ischemic stroke suggests that after ischemic stroke, PMNs do not enter brain parenchyma and as such may cause no harm to the brain. Thus, the present study was designed to determine PMNs’ behavior after intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). Using the autologous blood injection model of ICH in rats and immunohistochemistry for PMNs and vascular components, we evaluated the temporal and spatial PMNs distribution in the ICH-affected brain. We found that, similar to ischemia, there is a robust increase in presence of PMNs in the ICH-injured tissue that lasts for at least 1 to 2 weeks. However, in contrast to what was suggested for ischemia, besides PMNs that stay in association with the vasculature, after ICH, we found abundance of intraparenchymal PMNs (with no obvious association with vessels) in the ICH core and hematoma border, especially between 1 and 7 days after the ictus. Interestingly, the increased presence of intraparenchymal PMNs after ICH coincided with the massive loss of microvascular integrity, suggesting vascular disruption as a potential cause of PMNs presence in the brain parenchyma. Our study indicates that in contrast to ischemic stroke, after ICH, PMNs target not only vascular compartment but also brain parenchyma in the affected brain. As such, it is possible that the pathogenic role and therapeutic implications of targeting PMNs after ICH could be different from these after ischemic stroke. Our work suggests the needs for more studies addressing the role of PMNs in ICH.

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Acknowledgments

This work was partially supported by the National Institutes of Health, NINDS grants NS060768 and NS064109.

Compliance with Ethics Requirements

All institutional and national guidelines for the care and use of laboratory animals were followed.

Conflict of Interest

All authors declare no conflict of interest.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Neurology, Stroke Program, University of Texas-HSC, Medical School, 6431 Fannin, Suite 7.210, Houston, TX, 77030, USA

    Xiurong Zhao, Guanghua Sun, Han Zhang, Shun-Ming Ting, Shen Song, Nicole Gonzales & Jaroslaw Aronowski

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  1. Xiurong Zhao
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  2. Guanghua Sun
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  7. Jaroslaw Aronowski
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Correspondence to Jaroslaw Aronowski.

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Zhao, X., Sun, G., Zhang, H. et al. Polymorphonuclear Neutrophil in Brain Parenchyma After Experimental Intracerebral Hemorrhage. Transl. Stroke Res. 5, 554–561 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12975-014-0341-2

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12975-014-0341-2

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