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Geothermometric and isotopic studies of dehydration waters: implications for thermal conditions in the Central Carpathian Synclinorium, SE Poland

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Abstract

Dehydration-type mineralized waters encountered in some places of the central and eastern parts of the Polish Outer Carpathians have been studied for the first time in the light of their usefulness in estimation of thermal conditions of the geological system at regional scale. The temperature range of dehydration of mixed-layer illite/smectite clay minerals, estimated at 100–170 °C, agrees well with thermal conditions of Carpathian oil and gas generation as well as coincides with reservoir temperatures estimated by application of Mg–Li, Na–K and Na–K–Ca geothermometers, i.e. 88–160 °C, >50–112 and 79–152 °C, respectively. The discrepancy between actual temperatures at given depths calculated from geothermal gradient and those inferred from chemistry of dehydration waters (i.e. geothermometers) and geochemical processes in Carpathian geological system strongly supports the idea that the zones of origin of dehydration-type waters must be connected with deep parts of the flysch. Thermal conditions favorable for high temperature water generation occur only in deep parts of the flysch basin or even in the flysch basement. Temperatures obtained from down-hole measurements, comparable to those inferred from this study, occur at a depth greater than 3000–3500 m. Moreover, cooling down the whole geological system since the period of maximum burial diagenesis is an additional factor reducing geothermal gradient observed nowadays in this part of the Carpathian Mountains.

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  1. Institute of Geological Sciences, Polish Academy of Sciences (ING PAN), Twarda 51/55, 00-818, Warsaw, Poland

    Adam Porowski

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Porowski, A. Geothermometric and isotopic studies of dehydration waters: implications for thermal conditions in the Central Carpathian Synclinorium, SE Poland. Environ Earth Sci 74, 7539–7553 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12665-015-4631-0

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