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Silicon-carbide fiber-reinforced polymer electrolyte for all-solid-state lithium-metal batteries

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Abstract

Silicon carbide (SiC) with various morphologies was employed as reinforcing fillers for poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO)-based solid polymer electrolytes (SPEs). Specifically, the SiC nanoparticles with an average size of 5–10 µm endow a significant enhancement of the interaction between carbon atoms for the fillers and the oxygen atoms from the PEO–lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide (LiTFSI) matrix, which provides rapid transport channels for mobile Li+ and enhances the mechanical strength of SPEs. The SPEs reinforced with one-dimensional SiC nanoparticles exhibit superior Li+ conduction, good mechanical property, and uniform Li plating. Thus, a dendrite-free plating of lithium for 0.58 mAh at 0.1 mA·cm–2 and excellent cycle stability at various current densities for 250 h are achieved in Li/Li symmetric cells using SPEs electrolytes with 5.0 wt% SiC nanoparticles. Moreover, the LiFePO4/Li full cells assembled using SPEs electrolytes with 5.0 wt% SiC nanoparticles provide a capacity of 151.5 mAh·g–1 at 0.1 mA·cm–2 (55 °C), and maintained a Coulombic efficiency of 99% for 120 cycles.

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摘要

将四种不同直径和长径比的一维SiC晶须添加到PEO/LiTFSI聚合物中制备全固态电池用复合锂离子固态电解质 (solid polymer electrolytes, 简称SPEs), 分析其组织结构、力学行为和电化学性能. 研究发现, SiC晶须掺杂可以有效提高PEO/LiTFSI聚合物的机械强度, 固态电解质SiC表面与PEO/LiTFSI基体中的氧离子具有比较强的相互作用为锂离子快速迁移提供传输通道. SiC晶须均匀分布在PEO/LiTFSI聚合物电解质中, 直径 5–10 µm、长度~50 µm 的一维SiC晶须强化SPEs展现出最优的锂离子导电性和力学性能. 采用SiC晶须含量为5 wt%电解质组装的Li/SPE/Li对称电池, 不同电流密度条件下经过250次充放电循环仍展现出良好的稳定性. 此外, 采用SiC含量为5 wt%电解质组装的LiFePO4/SPE/Li全固态电池, 在55°C、电流0.1 mA·cm–2时其初始放电电容量达到151.5 mAh·g–1, 拥有稳定的循环性和比较高的库伦效率.

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Acknowledgements

This study was financially supported by Shandong Province Natural Science Foundation (No. ZR2020ME001).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Mechanical and Automation, Weifang University, Weifang, 261061, China

    Wen-Qing Wei, Bing-Qiang Liu & Yan-Qing Wang

  2. College of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266590, China

    Kai Yan

  3. Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, China

    Wen-Qing Wei & Hao Zhang

  4. School of Mechanical and Electrical, Weifang University of Science and Technology, Shouguang, 262700, China

    Yu-Song Qi

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Wei, WQ., Liu, BQ., Wang, YQ. et al. Silicon-carbide fiber-reinforced polymer electrolyte for all-solid-state lithium-metal batteries. Rare Met. 41, 3774–3782 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12598-022-02081-3

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