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Rational construction of CoP@C hollow structure for ultrafast and stable sodium energy storage

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Abstract

The development of transition metal phosphides as potential anode materials of sodium-ion batteries has been substantially hindered by their sluggish kinetics and significant volume change during the sodiation/desodiation process. In this work, we put forward a rational design strategy to construct a hollow-structured CoP@C composite to achieve ultrafast and durable sodium energy storage. The CoP@C composite with a well-defined hollow dodecahedron architecture has been synthesized via a stepwise treatment of carbonization and pohsphorization on ZIF-67. The unique hollow carbon framework not only provides high-speed electron/ion transportation pathways for CoP to enable fast sodiation kinetics, but also accommodates large volume change to stabilize the electrode structure. As a consequence, the CoP@C composite could exhibit an ultra-high rate capability of 105 mAh·g−1 at a current density of 30 A·g−1, and a long-term cycling lifetime. The present study will pave a fresh strategy for exploring advanced high-power anode materials for sodium ion batteries.

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摘要

过渡金属磷化物作为钠离子电池潜在负极材料的发展受到了很大阻碍, 原因在于其缓慢的动力学和在钠化/脱钠过程中显著的体积变化。本文提出了一种合理的设计策略来构建具有空心结构的CoP@C复合材料, 实现了超快速和持久的钠能量存储。通过对ZIF-67前驱体进行碳化和磷化处理, 合成了具有良好空心十二面体结构的CoP@C复合材料。其独特的空心碳骨架不仅为CoP提供了快速电子/离子传输通道, 实现了快速的储钠动力学, 而且还缓解了充放电过程中的体积变化, 从而保持了电极的完整性。因此, CoP@C复合材料在 30 A·g-1 的电流密度下表现出了105 mAh·g-1的超高倍率性能和长期稳定的循环寿命, 本研究为探索用于钠离子电池的先进高功率负极材料铺平了道路。

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Acknowledgements

This study was financially supported by the Innovation Foundation for National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 51772249 and 51821091), the Doctor Dissertation of Northwestern Polytechnical University (No. CX202025), the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (Nos. D5000210894 and 3102019JC005). The authors also appreciated the Material Analysis Research Center of Shaanxi Province for TEM analysis.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing, Center for Nano Energy Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University and Shaanxi Joint Laboratory of Graphene (NPU), Xi’an, 710072, China

    Ling-Bo Ren, Wei Hua, Zhi-Dong Hou & Jian-Gan Wang

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  1. Ling-Bo Ren
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  2. Wei Hua
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Correspondence to Jian-Gan Wang.

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Ren, LB., Hua, W., Hou, ZD. et al. Rational construction of CoP@C hollow structure for ultrafast and stable sodium energy storage. Rare Met. 41, 1859–1869 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12598-021-01930-x

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