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Optimization of mechanical and antibacterial properties of Ti-3wt%Cu alloy through cold rolling and annealing

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Abstract

In this work, a process of cold rolling with 70% thickness reduction and different annealing temperatures was selected to regulate the microstructure of Ti-3wt%Cu alloy. Microstructural evolution, mechanical properties and antibacterial properties of the Ti-3wt%Cu alloy under different conditions were systematically investigated in terms of X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), transmission electron microscope (TEM), tensile and antibacterial test. The results indicated that cold rolling could dramatically increase the ultimate tensile stress (UTS) from 520 to 928 MPa, but reduce the fracture strain from 15.3% to 3.8%. With the annealing temperature increasing from 400 to 800 °C for 1 h, the UTS decreased from 744 to 506 MPa and the fracture strain increased from12.7% to 24.4%. Moreover, the antibacterial properties of the Ti-3wt%Cu alloy under different conditions showed excellent antibacterial rate (> 96.69%). The results also indicated that the excellent combination of strength and ductility of the Ti-3wt%Cu alloy with cold rolling and following annealing could be achieved in a trade-off by tuning the size and distribution of Ti2Cu phase, which could increase the applicability of the alloy in clinical practice. More importantly, the antibacterial properties maintained a good stability for the Ti-3wt%Cu alloy under different conditions. The excellent combination of mechanical properties and antibacterial properties could make the Ti-3wt%Cu alloy a good candidate for long-term orthopaedic implant application.

Graphical abstract

摘要

本文采用70%冷轧工艺和不同的退火温度对Ti-3wt%Cu合金的显微组织进行了调控。采用X射线衍射 (XRD)、扫描电镜 (SEM) 、透射电镜(TEM )、拉伸试验和抗菌试验, 系统地研究了Ti-3wt%Cu合金在不同条件下的组织演变、力学性能和抗菌性能。结果表明, 冷轧可使抗拉强度由520 MPa显著提高到928 MPa , 但断裂应变由15.3%降低到3.8%。随着退火温度从400 ℃提高到800 ℃, 材料的抗拉强度从744 MPa下降到506 MPa, 断裂应变从12.7%上升到24.4%。此外, Ti-3wt%Cu合金在不同条件下的抗菌性能表现出优异的抗菌 率 (>96.69% )。通过调整Ti2Cu相的尺寸和分布,可以在冷轧和退火后获得强度和塑性的良好结合, 从而提高该合金在临床上的适用性。更重要的是, 在不同条件下,Ti-3wt%Cu合金的抗菌性能保持了良好的稳定性。Ti-3wt%Cu合金具有良好的力学性能和抗菌性能, 是一种长期应用于骨科种植体的理想材料。

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Acknowledgements

This work was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 51404302 and 51801003) and the Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province (No. 2020JJ4732).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. State Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China

    Hai-Lin Yang, Meng-Zhen Zhu, Jian-Ying Wang & Chen-Xu Ma

  2. Department of Prosthodontics, Centre of Stomatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China

    Xiong-Wen Zhou

  3. Department of General Dentistry, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, 100081, China

    Hai-Xia Xing

  4. Key Laboratory for Anisotropy and Texture of Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Education Ministry of China, Northeastern University, Shenyang, 110819, China

    Er-Lin Zhang

  5. Brunel Centre for Advanced Solidification Technology (BCAST), Brunel University London, Uxbridge, UB8 3PH, UK

    Shou-Xun Ji

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  1. Hai-Lin Yang
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Yang, HL., Zhu, MZ., Wang, JY. et al. Optimization of mechanical and antibacterial properties of Ti-3wt%Cu alloy through cold rolling and annealing. Rare Met. 41, 610–620 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12598-021-01841-x

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12598-021-01841-x

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