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Strategies of binder design for high-performance lithium-ion batteries: a mini review

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Abstract

Developing high-performance lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) with high energy density, rate capability and long cycle life are essential for the ever-growing practical application. Among all battery components, the binder plays a key role in determining the preparation of electrodes and the improvement of battery performance, in spite of a low usage amount. The main function of binder is to bond the active material, conductive additive and current collector together and provide electron and ion channels to improve the kinetics of electrochemical reaction. With the ever-increasing requirement of high energy density by LIBs, technical challenges such as volume expansion and active material dissolution are attracting worldwide attentions, where binder is thought to provide a new solution. There are two main categories (organic solvent soluble binder and water-soluble binder) and abundant polar functional groups providing adhesion ability. It is of great significance to timely summarize the latest progress in battery binders and present the principles for designing novel binders with both robust binding interaction and outstanding electrode stabilization function. This review begins with an introduction of the binding mechanism and the related binding forces, including mechanical interlocking forces and interfacial forces. Then, we discussed four different strategies (the enhancement of binding force, the formation of three-dimensional (3D) network, the enhancement of conductivity and binders with special functions) for constructing ideal binder system in order to satisfy the specific demands of different batteries, such as LIBs and lithium–sulfur (Li–S) batteries. Finally, some prospective and promising directions of binder design are proposed based on the existing and emerging binders and guide the development of the next-generation LIBs.

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摘要

开发高能量密度、高倍率、长循环寿命的高性能锂离子电池对于日益增长的实际应用非常重要。在所有的电池部件中, 粘结剂的用量虽然很低, 但对电极的制备和电池性能的提高起着关键作用。粘结剂的主要作用是将活性材料、导电添加剂和集流体粘结在一起, 此外具有专门的电子和离子通道的粘结剂可以显著增强电化学反应动力学。随着锂离子电池对能量密度的要求越来越高, 其电极材料的体积膨胀和活性物质的溶解等技术难题日益受到了广泛的关注, 而粘结剂被认为是一种新的解决方案。粘结剂主要分为两大类 (有机溶剂型粘结剂和水溶型粘结剂), 其中丰富的极性官能团提供了粘结能力。因此及时地总结粘结剂的最新进展, 设计既具有坚固的粘结作用又具有优异电极稳定功能的新型粘结剂具有重要的意义。本文首先介绍了粘结机理和相关的粘结力, 包括机械互锁力和界面力。然后, 讨论了四种不同的策略(粘结力的增强, 三维(3D)粘结网络的形成, 导电性的增强和特定功能的粘结剂)用于设计构造理想的粘结剂, 最终满足不同的电池, 如锂离子电池和锂硫电池。最后, 基于现有的和新兴的粘结剂体系, 提出了一些有前景的粘结剂设计方向, 为下一代电池的开发提出了建议。

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Acknowledgements

This work was financially supported by the National Key R&D Program of China (No. 2019YFA0705104) and Guangdong Province Science and Technology Department under Project (No. 2020A0505100014).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, 999077, Hong Kong, China

    Yan-Bo Wang, Qi Yang, Xun Guo, Shuo Yang, Ao Chen, Guo-Jin Liang & Chun-Yi Zhi

  2. Hong Kong Center for Cerebro-Cardiovascular Health Engineering (COCHE), Shatin, 999077, Hong Kong, China

    Qi Yang & Chun-Yi Zhi

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  1. Yan-Bo Wang
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Wang, YB., Yang, Q., Guo, X. et al. Strategies of binder design for high-performance lithium-ion batteries: a mini review. Rare Met. 41, 745–761 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12598-021-01816-y

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