Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Uncertainty of the air gauge test rig

  • Regular Paper
  • Published:
International Journal of Precision Engineering and Manufacturing Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

In the paper, the Advanced Back Pressure Experimental Rig is described and its measurement uncertainty is estimated. The test rig consists of mechanical, pneumatic and electronic systems, which are the main sources of uncertainty. Moreover, operator, environment, A/D conversion and data processing take part in the uncertainty propagation. To perform the uncertainty analysis, mutual impact of the system parts was considered, and the main stages of the data collection and processing were distinguished: setting of the assumed point, reading of its value, reading of the corresponding back-pressure, and the calculation of the examined air gauge characteristics. The analysis confirmed the uncertainty propagation with the largest uncertainty added by the approximation algorithms in the final stage of the process. The equipment variation was evaluated, too, and its value was found satisfactory, especially as it included the repeatability of the tested air gauge itself.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

Abbreviations

d p , d w :

diameter of the measuring and inlet nozzle

Δ G , Δ OFF , Δ INL , Δ DNL , Δ q :

errors of the multiplication, offset, integral non-linearity, differential non-linearity and quantization, respectively

EV :

equipment variation

K :

sensitivity (multiplication) of the air gauge [kPa/μm]

p a , p z , p k :

pressure: atmospheric, feeding and back-pressure

q v :

air flow [m3/s]

s :

measured slot width (clearance) [μm]

s p , s k , s 0 :

the initial point, end point and the central point of static characteristics

t 1, t 2 :

temperature in the feeding hose and in mesuring chamber, respectively

Θ 1 :

air temperature [°C]

u :

standard uncertainty

U 0.95 :

expanded uncertainty for probability P = 0.95

z p :

measuring range of the air gauge [μm]

References

  1. Tanner, C. J., “Air Gauging-History and Future Developments,” Institution of Production Engineers Journal, Vol. 37, No. 7, pp. 448–462, 1958.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. Schuetz, G., “Pushing the Limits of Air Gaging-and Keeping Them There,” Quality, Vol. 54, No. 7, pp. 22, 2015.

    Google Scholar 

  3. Jermak, C. J. and Rucki, M., “Air Gauging: Still Some Room for Development,” AASCIT Communication, Vol. 2, No. 2, pp. 29–34, 2015.

    Google Scholar 

  4. Tesař, V., “Characterisation of Inexpensive, Simply Shaped Nozzles,” Chemical Engineering Research and Design, Vol. 88, No. 11, pp. 1433–1444, 2010.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. Jermak, C. J., Jakubowicz, M., Dereżyński, J., and Rucki, M., “Air Gauge Characteristics Linearity Improvement,” Journal of Control Science and Engineering, Vol. 2016, Article ID: 8701238, 2016.

    Google Scholar 

  6. Bullock, R. and Deckro, R., “Foundations for System Measurement,” Measurement, Vol. 39, No. 8, pp. 701–709, 2006.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. Grandy, D., Koshy, P., and Klocke, F., “Pneumatic Non-Contact Roughness Assessment of Moving Surfaces,” CIRP Annals-Manufacturing Technology, Vol. 58, No. 1, pp. 515–518, 2009.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. Liu, J., Pan, X., Wang, G., and Chen, A., “Design and Accuracy Analysis of Pneumatic Gauging for Form Error of Spool Valve Inner Hole,” Flow Measurement and Instrumentation, Vol. 23, No. 1, pp. 26–32, 2012.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. Bokov, V. B., “Pneumatic Gauge Steady-State Modelling by Theoretical and Empirical Methods,” Measurement, Vol. 44, No. 2, pp. 303–311, 2011.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. Taymanov, R. and Sapozhnikova, K., “Metrological Self-Check and Evolution of Metrology,” Measurement, Vol. 43, No. 7, pp. 869–877, 2010.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. Western Gage Corporation, “Dimensional Gage Buyer’s Guide 47,” http://www.precisiongageco.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/09 Western-Gage-Buyers-Guide.pdf (Accessed 6 MAR 2017)

    Google Scholar 

  12. Jermak, C. J. and Rucki, M., “Static Characteristics of Air Gauges Applied in the Roundness Assessment,” Metrology and Measurement Systems, Vol. 23, No. 1, pp. 85–96, 2016.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. Rucki, M., Barisic, B., and Szalay, T., “Analysis of Air Gage Inaccuracy Caused by Flow Instability,” Measurement, Vol. 41, No. 6, pp. 655–661, 2008.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. Jermak, C. J., Barisic, B., and Rucki, M., “Correction of the Metrological Properties of the Pneumatic Length Measuring Gauges through Changes of the Measuring Nozzle Head Surface Shape,” Measurement, Vol. 43, No. 9, pp. 1217–1227, 2010.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. Burrows, V. R., “The Principles and Applications of Pneumatic Gauging,” FWP Journal, Vol. 10, pp. 31–42, 1976.

    Google Scholar 

  16. Dereżyński, J. and Jakubowicz, M., “Verification Tests of the Air Gauges Metrological Characteristics,” Mechanik, No. 3, pp. 196–199, 2016.

    Google Scholar 

  17. Šiaudinytė, L. and Grattan, K. T. V., “Uncertainty Evaluation of Trigonometric Method for Vertical Angle Calibration of the Total Station Instrument,” Measurement, Vol. 86, pp. 276–282, 2016.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. Ito, S., Chen, Y.-L., Shimizu, Y., Kikuchi, H., Gao, W., et al., “Uncertainty Analysis of Slot Die Coater Gap Width Measurement by Using a Shear Mode Micro-Probing System,” Precision Engineering, Vol. 43, pp. 525–529, 2016.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. Chen, A. and Chen, C., “Comparison of GUM and Monte Carlo Methods for Evaluating Measurement Uncertainty of Perspiration Measurement Systems,” Measurement, Vol. 87, pp. 27–37, 2016.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  20. Pan, J.-N., Li, C.-I., and Ou, S.-C., “Determining the Optimal Allocation of Parameters for Multivariate Measurement System Analysis,” Expert Systems with Applications, Vol. 42, No. 20, pp. 7036–7045, 2015.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  21. International Organization for Standardization (ISO), “Guide to the Expression of Uncertainty in Measurement,” 1995.

    Google Scholar 

  22. Domanska, A., “Uncertainty of the Analog to Digital Conversion Result,” in: Measurement Uncertainty, Theory and Practice, Fotowicz, P., (Eds.), GUM, pp. 22–31, 2011. (in Polish)

    Google Scholar 

  23. Rucki, M., “Reduction of Uncertainty in Air Gauge Adjustment Process,” IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement, Vol. 58, No. 1, pp. 52–57, 2009.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  24. Polish Committee for Standardization, “Metrology-Terminology,” PN71/N-02050, 1971. (in Polish)

    Google Scholar 

  25. Dietrich, E. and Schulze, A., “Statistical Procedures for Machine and Process Qualification,” Hanser Fachbuchverlag, 2010.

    Google Scholar 

  26. Engel, R. and Baade, H.-J., “Quantifying Impacts on the Measurement Uncertainty in Flow Calibration Arising from Dynamic Flow Effects,” Flow Measurement and Instrumentation, Vol. 44, pp. 51–60, 2015.

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Mechanical Technology, Division of Metrology and Measurement Systems, Poznan University of Technology, Piotrowo 3, PL-60965, Poznan, Poland

    Czeslaw Janusz Jermak, Michal Jakubowicz & Janusz Derezynski

  2. Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Kazimierz Pulaski University of Technology and Humanities in Radom, 54 Krasickiego Str., 26-600, Radom, Poland

    Miroslaw Rucki

Authors
  1. Czeslaw Janusz Jermak
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Michal Jakubowicz
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Janusz Derezynski
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Miroslaw Rucki
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Michal Jakubowicz.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Jermak, C.J., Jakubowicz, M., Derezynski, J. et al. Uncertainty of the air gauge test rig. Int. J. Precis. Eng. Manuf. 18, 479–485 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12541-017-0058-8

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Revised:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12541-017-0058-8

Keywords

Search

Navigation