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Response of Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) Germplasm to Water Stress Under In Vitro Conditions

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Abstract

Chile is center of origin and diversity of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.). Potato yield is affected under water stress conditions, so development of varieties with better tolerance to this stress is desirable. In this study we determined the differential response of INIA-Chile potato germplasm to water stress under in vitro assays with polyethylene glycol. One-hundred-and-fourty-nine genotypes were evaluated. Polyethylene glycol 4.8 % w/v was able to distinguish genotype response by considering the morphological variables (plantlet height, leaf and root number) and fresh and dry weight. Through multivariate statistical analysis, and in comparison with their respective controls without treatment, genotypes were clustered with high (74 – 79 %), intermediate (29 – 94 %), low (29 – 57 %), and very low (4– 28 %) water stress tolerance. The high-tolerance-response cluster was mainly made up of Chilean potato landraces. These results highlight the importance of this germplasm in food security, which could be directly cultivated and/or be used as progenitors to produce new varieties with increased tolerance to water-deficit stress.

Resumen

Chile es centro de origen y diversidad de la papa (Solanum tuberosum L). El rendimiento de la papa es seriamente afectado cuando se cultiva bajo condiciones de estrés hídrico por lo que el desarrollo de variedades con menor requerimiento hídrico es deseable. En este estudio se determinó la respuesta diferencial de la colección de germoplasma de papa de INIA-Chile al estrés hídrico, a través de ensayos in vitro en un medio con polyethylene glycol. Se evaluaron 149 genotipos. Se determinó que PEG 4.8 % p/v permite diferenciar los genotipos, a través de variables morfológicas (altura de planta, número de hojas y de raíces) y biomasa (peso fresco y seco), sometidos a estrés. Mediante análisis estadísticos multivariados, y en comparación con sus respectivos controles sin tratamiento, los genotipos se agruparon en alta (74 – 79 %), intermedia (29 – 94 %), baja (29 – 57 %) y muy baja (28 – 4 %) tolerancia al déficit hídrico. El grupo de alta tolerancia está conformado mayoritariamente por clones nativos de papas chilenas. Estos resultados destacan la importancia de este germoplasma en la seguridad alimentaria, los cuales podrían ser cultivados directamente y/o ser utilizados como progenitores en el desarrollo de nuevas variedades con mayor tolerancia a estrés hídrico.

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Acknowledgments

This work was funded by the CONICYT scholarships “Doctorado en Chile 2010 (21100560)” and “Apoyo para la Realización de Tesis Doctoral 2010 (24091117)”, granted to M Barra, and partially funded by OEA/FEMCIDI (FEM0305) and Conservation of Genetic Resources Program of INIA-La Platina (Cod. 501453-70). This paper is part of M. Barra Doctoral degree dissertation from the Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile. We also thank Rosa Ester Salinas from the Unidad de Recursos Genéticos, CRI La Platina for her assistance in developing this study.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Universidad de La Frontera, casilla 54-D, Temuco, Chile

    Macarena Barra & Boris Sagredo

  2. INIA-La Platina, Casilla 439-3 Correo Central, Santiago, Chile

    Macarena Barra, José Correa & Erika Salazar

  3. INIA-Rayentué, Casilla 13, Rengo, Chile

    Boris Sagredo

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  1. Macarena Barra
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  2. José Correa
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  3. Erika Salazar
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  4. Boris Sagredo
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Correspondence to Boris Sagredo.

Annex 1

Annex 1

Table 9 Collection of germplasm of potato from the potato breeding program of INIA, Chile, classified by vigor, tolerance to water stress, origin and type
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Barra, M., Correa, J., Salazar, E. et al. Response of Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) Germplasm to Water Stress Under In Vitro Conditions. Am. J. Potato Res. 90, 591–606 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12230-013-9333-0

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