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Influence of Rare Earth Elements on Metabolism and Related Enzyme Activity and Isozyme Expression in Tetrastigma hemsleyanum Cell Suspension Cultures

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Abstract

The effects of rare earth elements (REEs) not only on cell growth and flavonoid accumulation of Tetrastigma hemsleyanum suspension cells but also on the isoenzyme patterns and activities of related enzymes were studied in this paper. There were no significant differences in enhancement of flavonoid accumulation in T. hemsleyanum suspension cells among La3+, Ce3+, and Nd3+. Whereas their inductive effects on cell proliferation varied greatly. The most significant effects were achieved with 100 μM Ce3+and Nd3+. Under treatment over a 25-day culture period, the maximal biomass levels reached 1.92- and 1.74-fold and the total flavonoid contents are 1.45- and 1.49-fold, than that of control, respectively. Catalase, phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL), and peroxidase (POD) activity was activated significantly when the REE concentration range from 0 to 300 μM, whereas no significant changes were found in superoxide dismutase activity. Differences of esterase isozymes under REE treatment only laid in expression level, and there were no specific bands. The expression level of some POD isozymes strengthened with increasing concentration of REEs within the range of 50–200 μM. When REE concentration was higher than 300 μM, the expression of some POD isozymes was inhibited; meanwhile, some other new POD isozymes were induced. Our results also showed REEs did not directly influence PAL activity. So, we speculated that 50–200 μM REEs could activate some of antioxidant enzymes, adjust some isozymes expression, trigger the defense responses of T. hemsleyanum suspension cells, and stimulate flavonoid accumulation by inducing PAL activity.

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Abbreviations

REEs:

Rare earth elements

PAL:

Phenylalanine ammonia-lyase

SOD:

Superoxide dismutase

NAA:

Naphthalene acetic acid

EST:

Esterase

FW:

Fresh weight

CAT:

Catalase

ROS:

Reactive oxygen species

POD:

Peroxidase

6-BA:

6-Benzyladenine

DW:

Dry weight

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Acknowledgments

This work was supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Ningbo City (grant no. 2012A610179) and the New Shoot Talents Program of Zhejiang Province (grant no. 2010R433006).

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  1. Zhejiang Pharmaceutical College, Ningbo, 315100, China

    Peng Xin, Zhou Shuang-Lin, He Jun-Yao & Ding Li

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Correspondence to Peng Xin.

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Xin, P., Shuang-Lin, Z., Jun-Yao, H. et al. Influence of Rare Earth Elements on Metabolism and Related Enzyme Activity and Isozyme Expression in Tetrastigma hemsleyanum Cell Suspension Cultures. Biol Trace Elem Res 152, 82–90 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12011-013-9600-4

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