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Continued Interest and Controversy: Vitamin D in HIV

  • Complications of Antiretroviral Therapy (GA McComsey, Section Editor)
  • Published:
Current HIV/AIDS Reports Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Purpose of Review

Vitamin D (VitD) deficiency is highly prevalent among HIV-infected individuals. Given the overlapping risk for several chronic disease and immunomodulatory outcomes from both long-standing HIV and VitD deficiency, there is great interest in clarifying the clinical role of VitD for this population.

Recent Findings

Recent studies have expanded our knowledge regarding the epidemiology and mechanisms of VitD deficiency-associated outcomes in the setting of HIV. Clinical trials focusing on VitD supplementation have demonstrated a positive impact on bone mineral density in subgroups of HIV-infected individuals initiating ART or on suppressive ART regimens; however, significant heterogeneity exists between studies and data are less consistent with other clinical outcomes.

Summary

Further research is needed to clarify uncertainly in several domains, including identifying patients at greatest risk for poor outcomes from VitD deficiency, standardizing definitions and measurement techniques, and better quantifying the benefits and risks of VitD supplementation across different demographic strata for skeletal and extra-skeletal outcomes.

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Papers of particular interest, published recently, have been highlighted as: • Of importance •• Of major importance

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Section of Rheumatology, Yale School of Medicine, 300 Cedar Street, TAC S-525, PO Box 208031, New Haven, CT, 06517, USA

    Evelyn Hsieh

  2. Division of Infectious Diseases, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA

    Michael T. Yin

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  1. Evelyn Hsieh
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Correspondence to Evelyn Hsieh.

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Dr. Hsieh is supported by NIH/Fogarty International Center K01TW009995, the Yale Center for Clinical Investigation/Doris Duke Charitable Trust Foundation Fund to Retain Clinical Scientists and has received honoraria from Gilead. Dr. Yin is supported by NIH/NIAID R01 AI-095089 and has served as a consultant for Gilead and Viiv.

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This article does not contain any studies with human or animal subjects performed by any of the authors.

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This article is part of the Topical Collection on Complications of Antiretroviral Therapy

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Hsieh, E., Yin, M.T. Continued Interest and Controversy: Vitamin D in HIV. Curr HIV/AIDS Rep 15, 199–211 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11904-018-0401-4

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