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Oleic Acid Attenuates trans-10,cis-12 Conjugated Linoleic Acid-Mediated Inflammatory Gene Expression in Human Adipocytes

  • Original Article
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Lipids

Abstract

The weight loss supplement conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) consists of an equal mixture of trans-10,cis-12 (10,12) and cis-9,trans-11 (9,11) isomers. However, high levels of mixed CLA isomers, or the 10,12 isomer, causes chronic inflammation, lipodystrophy, or insulin resistance. We previously demonstrated that 10,12 CLA decreases de novo lipid synthesis along with the abundance and activity of stearoyl-CoA desaturase (SCD)-1, a δ-9 desaturase essential for the synthesis of monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA). Thus, we hypothesized that the 10,12 CLA-mediated decrease in SCD-1, with the subsequent decrease in MUFA, was responsible for the observed effects. To test this hypothesis, 10,12 CLA-treated human adipocytes were supplemented with oleic acid for 12 h to 7 days, and inflammatory gene expression, insulin-stimulated glucose uptake, and lipid content were measured. Oleic acid reduced inflammatory gene expression in a dose-dependent manner, and restored the lipid content of 10,12 CLA-treated adipocytes without improving insulin-stimulated glucose uptake. In contrast, supplementation with stearic acid, a substrate for SCD-1, or 9,11 CLA did not prevent inflammatory gene expression by 10,12 CLA. Notably, 10,12 CLA impacted the expression of several G-protein coupled receptors that was attenuated by oleic acid. Collectively, these data show that oleic acid attenuates 10,12 CLA-induced inflammatory gene expression and lipid content, possibly by alleviating cell stress caused by the inhibition of MUFA needed for phospholipid and neutral lipid synthesis.

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Abbreviations

AP-1:

Activator protein

ATF:

Activating transcription factor 3

BMI:

Body mass index

BSA:

Bovine serum albumin

9,11 CLA:

cis-9,trans-11 Conjugated linoleic acid

10,12 CLA:

trans-10,cis-12 Conjugated linoleic acid

COX:

Cyclooxygenase

DOG:

Deoxy-glucose

DEX:

Dexamethasone

ER:

Endoplasmic reticulum

ERK:

Extracellular signal-regulated kinase

FFA:

Free fatty acid(s)

GAPDH:

Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase

GPRC:

G-protein coupled receptors

GPR:

G-protein receptors

JNK:

c-Jun-NH2-terminal kinase

LXR:

Liver X receptor

MAPK:

Mitogen-activated protein kinase

MCP:

Monocyte chemoattractant protein

MEK:

Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase

MUFA:

Monounsaturated fatty acid(s)

NF-κb:

Nuclear factor kappa B

PPAR:

Peroxisome proliferator activated receptor

SCD:

Stearoyl-CoA desaturase

SREBP:

Sterol regulatory element binding protein

SV:

Stromal vascular

TG:

Triglyceride(s)

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Acknowledgments

This work was supported by grants from the National Institute of Health (NIH) National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases/Office of Dietary Supplements (NIDDK/ODS) (5R01-DK063070) to MM, the NIH F31DK084812 to KM, and the UNCG Undergraduate Research Assistantship Program to MR and SG.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Nutrition, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, 318 Stone Building, PO Box 26170, Greensboro, NC, 27402-6170, USA

    Meaghan Reardon, Semone Gobern, Kristina Martinez, Wan Shen, Tanya Reid & Michael McIntosh

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  1. Meaghan Reardon
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  2. Semone Gobern
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  3. Kristina Martinez
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  4. Wan Shen
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  6. Michael McIntosh
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Correspondence to Michael McIntosh.

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Reardon, M., Gobern, S., Martinez, K. et al. Oleic Acid Attenuates trans-10,cis-12 Conjugated Linoleic Acid-Mediated Inflammatory Gene Expression in Human Adipocytes. Lipids 47, 1043–1051 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11745-012-3711-0

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