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Photosynthetic characteristics and nitrogen allocation in the black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia L.) grown in a FACE system

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Abstract

Key message

The black locust is adapted to elevated [CO 2 ] through changes in nitrogen allocation characteristics in leaves.

Abstract

The black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia L.) is an invasive woody legume within Japan. This prolific species has a high photosynthetic rate and growth rate, and undergoes symbiosis with N2-fixing micro-organisms. To determine the effect of elevated CO2 concentration [CO2] on its photosynthetic characteristics, we studied the chlorophyll (Chl) and leaf nitrogen (N) content, and the leaf structure and N allocation patterns in the leaves and acetylene reduction activity after four growing seasons, in R. pseudoacacia. Our specimens were grown at ambient [CO2] (370 μmol mol−1) and at elevated [CO2] (500 μmol mol−1), using a free air CO2 enrichment (FACE) system. Net photosynthetic rate at growth [CO2] (A growth) and acetylene reduction activity were significantly higher, but maximum carboxylation rate of RuBisCo (V cmax), maximum rate of electron transport driving RUBP regeneration (J max), net photosynthetic rate under enhanced CO2 concentration and light saturation (A max), the N concentration in leaf, and in leaf mass per unit area (LMA) and ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase oxygenase (RuBisCo) content were significantly lower grown at elevated [CO2] than at ambient [CO2]. We also found that RuBisCo/N were less at elevated [CO2], whereas Chl/N increased significantly. Allocation characteristics from N in leaves to photosynthetic proteins, NL (Light-harvesting complex: LHC, photosystem I and II: PSI and PSII) and other proteins also changed. When R. pseudoacacia was grown at elevated [CO2], the N allocation to RuBisCo (NR) decreased to a greater extent but NL and N remaining increased relative to specimens grown at ambient [CO2]. We suggest that N remobilization from RuBisCo is more efficient than from proteins of electron transport (NE), and from NL. These physiological responses of the black locust are significant as being an adaptation strategy to global environmental changes.

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Abbreviations

A growth :

Net photosynthetic rate at growth CO2 concentration

A max :

Net photosynthetic rate under enhanced CO2 concentration and light saturation

ANOVA:

Analysis of variance

ARA:

Acetylene reduction assay

CBB:

Coomassie brilliant blue

Chl a :

Chlorophyll a

Chl b :

Chlorophyll b

Ci:

Intercellular CO2 concentration

C/N ratio:

Carbon to nitrogen ratio

[CO2]:

CO2 concentration

C*:

CO2 compensation point in the absence of Rd

FACE:

Free air CO2 enrichment

J :

The potential electron transport rate

J max :

Maximum rate of electron transport driving RUBP regeneration

LED:

Light emitting diode

LHC:

Light-harvesting complex

LMA:

Leaf mass per unit area

N:

Nitrogen

Narea:

Nitrogen content per unit leaf area

NE :

Nitrogen allocation to electron transport proteins except NL and the carbon cycle proteins except RuBisCo

NL :

Nitrogen allocation to LHC, PSI and PSII

Nm:

Nitrogen content per unit leaf mass

NR :

Nitrogen allocation to RuBisCo

Pc :

Photosynthetic rate limited by RuBisCo activity

P i :

Inorganic phosphate

P j :

Electron transport-limited gross carboxylation rate

P N :

Net photosynthetic rate

P N/C i curve:

Net photosynthetic rate/intercellular CO2 concentration curve

PNUE:

Photosynthetic nitrogen use efficiency

P max :

Maximum mass-based net CO2 assimilation rate

PPFD:

Photosynthetic photon flux density

PSI:

Photosystem I

PSII:

Photosystem II

Rd:

Day respiration

RuBP:

Ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate

RuBisCo:

Ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase

SDS–PAGE:

Sodium dodecyl sulphate–polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis

Q :

Photosynthetic photon flux density of light saturation

V cmax :

Maximum carboxylation rate of RuBisCo

WUE:

Water-use efficiency

Г*:

CO2 compensation point

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Acknowledgements

We thank Dr. N. Eguchi, Mr. T. Agari, Dr. D. Ji and Mr. K. Karatsu of the Forest Dynamics research group of Hokkaido University for assistance with the fieldwork and analysis. Thanks are also due to Prof. Emeritus K. Sasa of Hokkaido University Forests for his kind assistance in managing the FACE system. This study was supported partly by the promotion of international joint research and international industry-university cooperation activities for the acceleration of innovation from Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT) in Japan, and by a Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (Innovation Research: 21114008 to T. Koike, Type B: 15H04511 to H. Toda) from Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS) in Japan.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Graduate School of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo, 183-8509, Japan

    Dongsu Choi & Hiroto Toda

  2. Department of Forest and Conservation Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z4, Canada

    Dongsu Choi & Robert D. Guy

  3. Graduate School of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060-0811, Japan

    Yoko Watanabe, Tetsuto Sugai & Takayoshi Koike

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  1. Dongsu Choi
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  2. Yoko Watanabe
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  4. Tetsuto Sugai
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  5. Hiroto Toda
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  6. Takayoshi Koike
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Correspondence to Dongsu Choi.

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Choi, D., Watanabe, Y., Guy, R.D. et al. Photosynthetic characteristics and nitrogen allocation in the black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia L.) grown in a FACE system. Acta Physiol Plant 39, 71 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11738-017-2366-0

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11738-017-2366-0

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