Abstract
Cell wall components such as pectin and hemicelluloses have been proposed to be involved in aluminum resistance mechanisms in plants. However, whether hydroxyproline-rich glycoproteins (HRGPs), one of the most abundant proteins of the cell walls, are involved in Al resistance mechanisms remains elusive. In this study, two rice cultivars Xiushui 03 (Al resistant) and Xiushui 128 (Al sensitive) significantly differing in Al resistance were identified. In the absence of Al, no significant difference was observed in contents of glycoproteins and hydroxyproline in cell wall fractions of these two cultivars. At the early stage of Al toxicity, glycoproteins and hydroxyproline were significantly induced in these two cultivars, but levels of their accumulation in cell walls were much higher in cv. Xiushui 03 than in cv. Xiushui 128. At the late stage of Al toxicity, their accumulation in cell walls dramatically decreased in cv. Xiushui 128 and, however, still kept a high level in cv. Xiushui 03. The finding that Al-induced changes of glycoproteins and hydroxyproline were completely consistent indicates that Al-induced glycoproteins are HRGPs. Further observation utilizing transmission electron microscope showed that HRGPs were greatly accumulated in cell walls leading to thickening of cell walls in cv. Xiushui 03, however, HRGPs and cell walls greatly decreased in cv. Xiushui 128. These data suggest that Al-induced HRGP accumulation in cell walls is involved in alleviating Al toxicity in rice.
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Acknowledgments
We are grateful to Jiaxing Academy of Agricultural Sciences (China) for the gifts of rice cultivars, Danping Tong, Jiaping Pan, Zhao Shen, Ying Qian, Hua Yang, Xiuzhen Wang, and Zhongqiang Mi for their technical assistance, Shaojian Zheng (Zhejiang University) for critical reading of the manuscript. This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 30970255) and Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China (No. Y3100207), China National Key Programs for Transgenic Crops (No. 2009ZX08009-076B), Zhejiang Provincial Excellent Youth Foundation of China (No. R3100175), Zhejiang Provincial Qianjiang Talents Program of China (No. 2010R10085), the National High Technology Research and Development Program of China (863 Program, No. 2007AA10Z141), and Scientific Research Foundation for the Returned Overseas Chinese Scholars, State Education Ministry (SRF for ROCS, SEM).
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Communicated by J. Zwiazek.
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Pan, W., Shou, J., Zhou, X. et al. Al-induced cell wall hydroxyproline-rich glycoprotein accumulation is involved in alleviating Al toxicity in rice. Acta Physiol Plant 33, 601–608 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11738-010-0684-6
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11738-010-0684-6