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Evolution of Oxide Inclusions in Si-Mn Killed Steels During Hot-Rolling Process

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Abstract

The evolution of oxide inclusions in Si-Mn killed steels refined by slags of different basicity during a four-pass industrial hot-rolling process was investigated using an automated microscopy system. High-basicity refining slag induced the formation of CaO- and Al2O3-containing inclusions, while refining slag with 0.8 basicity induced dominant inclusions of SiO2 and MnO-SiO2. CaO-SiO2-Al2O3 inclusions mainly formed endogenously during solidification and cooling of Ca-containing steels, where Ca originated from slag-steel reactions. However, the larger-sized higher-CaO inclusions originated from slag entrainment. Different inclusions presented different hot-rolling behaviors. The inclusion composition changed by deformation and new phase formation. The dominant oxide types were unchanged under refinement by low-basicity slag; however, they changed under refinement with high-basicity slag. The deformation index of inclusions decreased with increasing accumulated reduction (AR) of the steel. The difference in deformation index between different inclusion types was the largest in the first rolling stage and decreased in subsequent stages. SiO2-CaO and SiO2-MnO-CaO inclusions had larger deformation indices during hot rolling but smaller indices in the last two stages. High-basicity slag increased inclusion complexity; from the perspective of cold-drawing performance, low-basicity refining slag is better for the industrial production of tire-cord steels.

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Notes

  1. LECO is a trademark of LECO Corporation, St. Joseph, MI.

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Acknowledgments

The authors are grateful for the support from the National Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 51274034, 51334002, 51404019, 51604023, and 51504020), the Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Recycling and Extraction of Metals (GREM), the Laboratory of Green Process Metallurgy and Modeling (GPM2), and the High Quality Steel Consortium (HQSC) at the School of Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing (USTB), China.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing (USTB), Beijing, 100083, China

    Wen Yang, Changbo Guo & Lifeng Zhang

  2. Qingdao Iron and Steel Group Co., Ltd., Qingdao, 266000, China

    Changbo Guo

  3. School of Metallurgy Engineering, Anhui University of Technology, Ma’anshan, 243002, Anhui, China

    Haitao Ling

  4. R&D Institute, HBIS Group Co., Ltd., Shijiazhuang, 050023, Hebei, China

    Chao Li

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  1. Wen Yang
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  3. Lifeng Zhang
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Correspondence to Lifeng Zhang.

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Manuscript submitted December 16, 2016.

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Yang, W., Guo, C., Zhang, L. et al. Evolution of Oxide Inclusions in Si-Mn Killed Steels During Hot-Rolling Process. Metall Mater Trans B 48, 2717–2730 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11663-017-1025-6

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