Skip to main content

Advertisement

SpringerLink
Log in

Infezioni impianto-correlate e biofilm batterico

  • Aggiornamenti
  • Published:
LO SCALPELLO-OTODI Educational

Abstract

Prosthetic joint infections are generally caused by a variety of Gram-positive and Gram-positive microrganisms. New species are continuously isolated, including anaerobes. The pathogenic mechanisms responsible for joint infections are well studied only for some bacteria, e.g. Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, while others are only partially understood. The most important virulence and microbiological factors involved in these infections are the bacterial adhesion on the native joint or prosthetic material and the biofilm production by bacteria involved in the infection. Biofilm formation results from a developmental programme of gene expression involving an intracellular signaling, or quorum-sensing. The biofilm consists of bacteria embedded within an extracellular polysaccharide matrix (EPS), where microrganims are protected from environmental influences including host immune responses and normal levels of conventional antimicrobial agents. Biofilm resistance is a multifactorial mechanism, which makes biofilm eradication difficult, and thus most biofilm-related infections often require prompt removal of the device. Some antibacterials are better than others in treating biofilm-associated bacteria.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

Bibliografia

  1. Davey ME, O’Toole GA (2000) Microbial biofilms: from ecology to molecular genetics. Microbiol Mol Biol Rev 64:847–867

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  2. Sauer K, Camper AK (2001) Characterization of phenotypic changes in Pseudomonas putida in response to surface-associated growth. J Bacteriol 183:6579–6589

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  3. O’Toole GA (2003) To built a Biofilm. J Bacteriol 185:2687–2689

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  4. Whitchurch CB, Tolker-Nielsen T, Ragas PC, Mattick JS (2002) Extracellular DNA required for bacterial biofilm formation. Science 295:1487

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  5. Camilli A, Bassler BL (2006) Bacterial small-molecule signaling pathways. Science 311:1113–1116

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  6. Nealson KH (1977) Autoinduction of bacterial luciferase. Occurrence, mechanism and significance. Arch Microbiol 112:73–79

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  7. Eberhard A, Burlingame AL, Eberhard C et al (1981) Structural identification of autoinducer of Photobacterium fischeri luciferase. Biochemistry 20:2444–2449

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  8. Steinmoen H, Knutsen E, Håvarstein LS (2002) Induction of natural competence in Streptococcus pneumoniae triggers lysis and DNA release from a subfraction of the cell population. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 99:7681–7686

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  9. Thomas CM, Nielsen Km (2005) Mechanisms of, and barriers to, horizontal gene transfer between bacteria. Nat Rev Microbiol 3:711–721

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  10. van der Ploeg JR (2005) Regulation of bacteriocin production in Streptococcus mutans by the quorum-sensing system required for development of genetic competence. J Bacteriol 187:3980–3989

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  11. Chen X, Schauder S, Potier N et al (2002) Structural identification of a bacterial quorum-sensing signal containing boron. Nature 415:55–549

    Google Scholar 

  12. Miller ST, Xavier KB, Campagna SR et al (2004) Salmonella typhimurium recognizes a chemically distinct form of the bacterial quorum-sensing signal AI-2. Mol Cell 15:677–687

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  13. Pei D, Zhu J (2004) Mechanism of action of S-ribosylhomocysteinase (LuxS). Curr Opin Chem Biol 8:492–497

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  14. Lewis (2001) Riddle of biofilm resistance. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 45:999–1007

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  15. Davies D (2003) Understanding biofilm resistance to antibacterial agents. Nat Rev Drug Discov 2:114–122

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  16. Jesaitis AJ, Franklin MJ Berglund D et al (2003) Compromised host defense on Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilms: characterization of neutrophil and biofilm interactions. J Immunol 171:4329–4339

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  17. Hall-Stoodley L, Hu FZ, Gieseke A et al (2004) Direct detection of bacterial biofilms on the middle-ear mucosa of children with chronic otitis media. JAMA 296:202–211

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. Moreau-Marquis S, O’Toole GA, Stanton BA (2009) Tobramycin and FDAapproved iron chelators eliminate Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilms on cystic fibrosis cells. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 41:305–313

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  19. O’May CY, Sanderson K, Roddam LF et al (2009) Iron-binding compounds impair Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilm formation, especially under anaerobic conditions. J Med Microbiol 58:765–773

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  20. Banin E, Vasil ML, Greenberg EP (2005) Iron and Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilm formation. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 102:11076–11081

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  21. Banin E, Lozinski A, Brady KM et al (2008) The potential of desferrioxamine-gallium as an anti-Pseudomonas therapeutic agent. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 105:16761–16766

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  22. Visca P, Imperi F, Lamont IL (2007) Pyoverdine siderophores: from biogenesis to biosignificance. Trends Microbiol 15:22–30

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratorio Analisi Cliniche e Microbiologiche, IRCCS Istituto Galeazzi-Università di Milano, Milano, Italy

    L. Drago

Authors
  1. L. Drago
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Drago, L. Infezioni impianto-correlate e biofilm batterico. LO SCAL 23, 153–159 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11639-009-0040-z

Download citation

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11639-009-0040-z

Search

Navigation