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Increased CaCl2, MgSO4, and KH2PO4 improve the growth of micropropagated red raspberries

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Abstract

The genetic variation present in red raspberries makes it difficult to successfully apply a standard in vitro growth medium. An initial study modeling Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium minerals concluded that the mesos (CaCl2, MgSO4, and KH2PO4) components significantly affected red raspberry (Rubus idaeus L.) shoot quality and growth. To determine the effects of the individual mesos components, a three-dimensional design based on response surface methodology was employed. Shoot cultures of five cultivars were evaluated for quality, multiplication, shoot length, leaf characteristics, and mineral content. The resulting model indicated that improved growth and quality of all cultivars required significantly higher (p ≤ 0.05) concentrations of some or all of the three mesos compared to MS medium. Higher concentrations of CaCl2 and KH2PO4 significantly increased shoot length for most cultivars. MgSO4 had the greatest effect on leaf characteristics. Shoot mineral content was directly related to the mineral content of the medium. Although individual cultivars varied in optimal amounts of each component, high-quality shoots could be produced for all cultivars with 2.5–3.0× the MS concentrations of all three salts.

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Acknowledgments

This project was funded by the US Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service CRIS project 5358-21000-033D. Sukalya Poothong acknowledges the financial support of a Royal Thai Government Scholarship during her Ph.D. studies at Oregon State University.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Phayao, 19 Moo 2 Tambon Maeka, Muang District, Phayao, 56000, Thailand

    Sukalya Poothong

  2. USDA ARS, National Clonal Germplasm Repository, 33447 Peoria Road, Corvallis, OR, 97333-2521, USA

    Barbara M. Reed

Authors
  1. Sukalya Poothong
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  2. Barbara M. Reed
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Barbara M. Reed.

Electronic supplementary material

Below is the link to the electronic supplementary material.

Supplement 1

The effects of individual mesos components on overall plant quality and mineral status in tissues of ‘Indian Summer’. (DOCX 18 kb)

Supplement 2

The effect of individual mesos components on overall quality and mineral status of ‘Indian Summer’ shoots. (a) Overall quality ratings; (b) C, K and N concentrations in plant tissues; (c) P, Ca and Mg concentrations in plant tissues; (d) Fe, Mn, Zn and Cu concentrations in plant tissues. The treatments and data are those listed in Supplement 1. (PPTX 422 kb)

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Poothong, S., Reed, B.M. Increased CaCl2, MgSO4, and KH2PO4 improve the growth of micropropagated red raspberries. In Vitro Cell.Dev.Biol.-Plant 51, 648–658 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11627-015-9720-y

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11627-015-9720-y

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