Abstract
Swertia japonica is an important Japanese folk medicine used as a remedy for stomach disease, and secoiridoids are the main active constituents. Towards producing secoiridoids using large-scale tissue culture, we investigated the effects of phytohormone conditions on callus induction and redifferentiation of adventitious roots from calli of S. japonica and the associated production of secoiridoids. Here, we report efficient conditions for induction of callus and adventitious roots and confirmed that adventitious roots produced the secoiridoids, swertiamarin, and gentiopicroside. Moreover, redifferentiation of adventitious roots was enhanced when cultured with a low concentration of auxin, while secoiridoid biosynthesis was elevated with a high concentration of cytokinin. In a time course of secoiridoid changes in adventitious roots, maximum secoiridoid production occurred 15 d after redifferentiation of adventitious roots of a 10-d-old culture, suggesting that relatively mature root development may be necessary for the in vitro production of secoiridoids in S. japonica.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Gamborg OL, Miller RA, Ojima K (1968) Nutrient requirements of suspension cultures of soybean root cells. Exp Cell Res 50:151–158
Hedhili S, Courdavault V, Giglioli-Guivarc’h N, Gantet P (2007) Regulation of the terpene moiety biosynthesis of Catharanthus roseus terpene indole alkaloids. Phytochem Rev 6:341–351
Ishimaru K, Sudo H, Satake M, Matsunaga Y, Hasegawa Y, Takemoto S, Shimomura K (1990a) Amarogentin, amaroswerin and four xanthones from hairy root culture of Swertia japonica. Phytochem 29:1563–1565
Ishimaru K, Sudo H, Satake M, Shimomura K (1990b) Phenyl glucosides from hairy root culture of Swertia japonica. Phytochem 29:3823–3825
Keil M, Hartle B, Guilaume A, Psiorz M (2000) Production of amarogentin in root cultures of Swertia chirata. Planta Med 66:452–457
Kikuchi M, Kikuchi M (2004) Studies on the constituents of Swertia japonica Makino I On the structures of new secoiridoid diglycosides. Chem Pharm Bull 52:1210–1214
Kimura Y, Sumiyoshi M (2011) Effects of Swertia japonica extract and its main compound swertiamarin on gastric emptying and gastrointestinal motility in mice. Fitoterapia 82:827–833
Kitamura Y, Nakano M, Miura H, Sugii M (1987) Root cultures of Swertia pseudochinensis. Shoyakugaku Zasshi 41:58–60 (in Japanese)
Kitamura Y, Dono M, Miura H, Sugii M (1988) Production of swertiamarin in cultured tissues of Swertia pseudochinensis. Chem Pharm Bull 36:1575–1576 (in Japanese)
Lloyd G, McCown B (1981) Commercially-feasible micropropagation of mountain laurel, Kalmia latifolia, by use of shoot-tip culture. Int Plant Propagators Soc 30:421–427
Miura H, Kawashima K, Kitamura Y (1986) Studies on the tissue culture of Swertia japonica Makino. III. Glycosylation of naringenin in cultured cells. Shoyakugaku Zsasshi 40:40–43 (in Japanese)
Murashige T, Skoog F (1962) A revised medium for rapid growth and bioassays with tobacco tissue cultures. Physiol Plant 15:473–497
Niiho Y, Yamazaki T, Nakajima Y, Yamamoto T, Ando H, Hirai Y, Toriizuka K, Ida Y (2006) Gastroprotective effects of bitter principles isolated from Gentian root and Swertia herb on experimentally-induced gastric lesions in rats. J Nat Med 60:82–88
Nishi T, Yamada Y, Takahashi E (1973) The role of auxins in differentiation of rice tissues cultured in vitro. Bot Mag Tokyo 86:183–188
Pawlicki N, Welander M (1995) Influence of carbohydrate source, auxin concentration and time of exposure on adventitious rooting of the apple rootstock Jork 9. Plant Sci 106:167–176
Piatczak E, Wielanek M, Wysokinsk H (2005) Liquid culture system for shoot multiplication and secoiridoid production in micropropagated plants of Centaurium erythraea Rafn. Plant Sci 168:431–437
Rodriguez S, Marston A, Wolfender JL, Hostettmann K (1998) Iridoids and secoiridoids in the Gentianaceae. Curr Org Chem 2:627–648
Suryawanshi S, Mehrotra N, Asthana RK, Gupta RC (2006) Liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometric study and analysis of xanthone and secoiridoid glycoside composition of Swertia chirata, a potent antidiabetic. Rapid Commun Mass Spectrom 20:3761–3768
Wang Z, Ma C, Tang S, Xiao H, Kakiuchi N, Kida H, Hattori M (2008) Qualitative and quantitative analysis of Swertia herbs by high performance liquid chromatography-diode array detector-mass spectrometry (HPLC-DAD-MS). Chem Pharm Bull 56:485–490
Yamahara J, Kobayashi M, Matsuda H, Aoki S (1991) Anticholinergic action of Swertia japonica and an active constituent. J Ethnopharmacol 33:31–35
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Kawakami, H., Hara, K., Komine, M. et al. Production of secoiridoids by adventitious root culture of Swertia japonica . In Vitro Cell.Dev.Biol.-Plant 51, 524–529 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11627-015-9686-9
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11627-015-9686-9