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Polyethylene Glycol Nanocapsules Containing Syzygium aromaticum Essential Oil for the Management of Lesser Grain Borer, Rhyzopertha dominica

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Abstract

In this study a green insecticide composed of polyethylene glycol (PEG) nanocapsules loaded with clove essential oil, Syzygium aromaticum was synthesized by melt-dispersion method. The produced dry nanocapsules were examined for their insecticidal activity against a major stored product pest Rhyzopertha dominica adults. Z-Average, polydispersity index (PDI), and encapsulation efficiency (%EE) of nanocapsules were characterized. The optimal oil:PEG ratio of 1:10 produced more stable nanocapsules with 215.87-237.37 nm, 0.26 − 0.23, and 89.54–87.95% particle size, PDI, and %EE during 1 day-6 months storage. Transmission electron microscopy image of optimal nanoformulation showed spherical in shape particles. Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry analysis of clove essential oil identified eugenol as a major phytoconstituent. Four oil concentrations (250, 500, 750, and 1000 ppm) before and after loading-nanoparticles were tested for contact and ingestion toxicity. The toxicity study confirmed the effectiveness of clove essential oil nanocapsules against R. dominica after 72 h exposure time. The LC50 values were 175.50 and 576.85 ppm for nanocapsules and free clove oil, respectively. The toxicity index revealed that nanocapsules are 70% more toxic than free oil. The nutritional indices of treated insects were also affected. When compared to free clove oil, nanocapsules significantly decreased the tested nutritional parameters such as relative growth rate, relative consumption rate, and efficiency of conversion of ingested food. Also, the nanocapsules exhibited significant feeding deterrent index. The results of this study suggested that PEG nanocapsules as coating material enhanced the toxicity action of clove essential oil against R. dominica over long time.

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Acknowledgements

The National Research Centre of Egypt provided financial support for this study through internal research project no. 12050114.

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  1. Pests and Plant Protection Department, National Research Centre, Cairo, 12622, Egypt

    Samar Sayed Ibrahim

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Ibrahim, S.S. Polyethylene Glycol Nanocapsules Containing Syzygium aromaticum Essential Oil for the Management of Lesser Grain Borer, Rhyzopertha dominica. Food Biophysics 17, 523–534 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11483-022-09738-7

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