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A comparison of the effect of diurnal temperature range and apparent temperature on cardiovascular disease among farmers in Qingyang, Northwest China

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Abstract

Climate change is increasing the incidence of extreme weather events which have a significant impact on public health. Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the number one cause of death globally (40%). Apparent temperature (AT) and diurnal temperature range (DTR) have been extensively used to evaluate the effects of temperature on cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, the relevant information is quite limited from analysis and comparison of effects and differing pathogenesis of DTR and AT on CVD especially in less-developed, rural areas of China. This is the first attempt to analyze different effects between AT and DTR on CVD using distributed lag nonlinear modeling (DLNM) in rural area. Data on CVD hospital admission in Qingyang (Northwest China) in 2014–2017 originated from the New Rural Cooperative Medical System (NRCMS) of Gansu Province, and meteorological variables were provided by the Meteorological Science Data Sharing Service. Both AT and DTR had significant nonlinear and delayed impacts on hospital admissions for CVD. DTR had a stronger and more persistent effect on CVD incidence than AT. Females were more affected by high AT and low DTR than were males, while males were more vulnerable to low AT and high DTR. Temperature effects were not significantly different between people above and below 65 years of age. These findings provide local public health authorities with reference concerning sensitive temperature indices for susceptible populations with a view to improve CVD preventive strategies in rural areas.

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Availability of data and material

The datasets used and/or analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.

Abbreviations

DTR:

Diurnal temperature range

AT:

Apparent temperature

CVD:

Cardiovascular diseases

NRCMS:

New Rural Cooperative Medical System

DLNM:

Distributed lag nonlinear model

RR:

Relative risk of CVD

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Funding

This was supported by the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (No. 2016M600827), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 71861026), Gansu Science and Technology Program “Knowledge-Driven Meteorological Environment for Public Health Economic Loss Evaluation” (No. 16JZD023), and the Gansu Natural Science Foundation Project “Evaluation and Spatial Differentiation of Green Competitiveness in Gansu Province from the Perspective of Ecological Civilization” (No. 20JR5RA474).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Economics and Management, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou, 730050, China

    Guangyu Zhai, Jintao Qi & Xuemei Zhang

  2. School of Management, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China

    Guangyu Zhai

  3. Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, 730000, China

    Wenjuan Zhou & Jiancheng Wang

Authors
  1. Guangyu Zhai
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  2. Jintao Qi
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  3. Xuemei Zhang
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  4. Wenjuan Zhou
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  5. Jiancheng Wang
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Contributions

Zhai: Conceptualization, methodology, and software. Qi: Data curation and writing—original draft preparation. Zhang: Visualization and investigation. Zhou: Supervision. Wang: Software and validation.

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Correspondence to Jintao Qi.

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Zhai, G., Qi, J., Zhang, X. et al. A comparison of the effect of diurnal temperature range and apparent temperature on cardiovascular disease among farmers in Qingyang, Northwest China. Environ Sci Pollut Res 29, 28946–28956 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-021-17785-9

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-021-17785-9

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