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Mechanism of action and toxicological evaluation of engineered layered double hydroxide nanomaterials in Biomphalaria alexandrina snails

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Abstract

Layered double hydroxide (LDH) nanomaterials have recently become immense research area as it is used widely in industries. So, it’s chance of their release into natural environment and risk assessment to nontarget aquatic invertebrate increasing. So, the present study aimed to synthesize and confirm the crystalline formation of Co-Cd-Fe LDHs and Co-Cd-Fe/PbI2 (LDH) and then to investigate the toxic impact of the two LDH on the adult freshwater snails (Biomphalaia alexandrina). Results showed that Co-Cd-Fe/PbI2 LDH has more toxic effect to adult Biomphalaria than Co-Cd-Fe LDHs (LC50 was 56.4 and 147.7 mg/L, 72 h of exposure, respectively). The effect of LC25 (117.1 mg/L) of Co-Cd-Fe LDHs exposure on the embryo showed suppression of embryonic development and induced embryo malformation. Also, it showed alterations in the tegmental architectures of the mantle-foot region of B. alexandrina snails as declared in scanning electron micrograph. Also, exposure to this sublethal concentration caused abnormalities in hemocyte shapes and upregulated IL-2 level in soft tissue. In addition, it decreased levels of nonenzymatic reduced glutathione (GSH), catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), caspase-3 activity, and total protein content in significant manner. Glutathione S-transferase (GST) activity was not affected by LDH exposure. It caused histopathological damages in both glands of snails and also caused a genotoxic effect in their cells. The results from the present study indicated that LDH has risk assessment on aquatic B. alexandrina snails and that it can be used as a biological indicator of water pollution with LDH.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Faculty of Science, Department of Zoology, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt

    Heba Abdel-Tawab

  2. Environmental Research and Medical Malacology Department, Theodor Bilharz Research Institute, Giza, Egypt

    Amina M. Ibrahim

  3. National Organization for Drug Control and Research, Cairo, Egypt

    Taghreed Hussein

  4. Nanophotonics and Applications (NPA) lab, Polymer Research Laboratory, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, 62511, Egypt

    Fatma Mohamed

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  1. Heba Abdel-Tawab
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Contributions

Conceived and designed experiments; Heba Abdel-Tawab, Amina M. Ibrahim

Data curation; Taghreed Hussein, Fatma Mohamed

Formal analysis; Taghreed Hussein, Fatma Mohamed

Methodology; Heba Abdel-Tawab, Amina M. Ibrahim

Software; Taghreed Hussein, Fatma Mohamed

Supervision; Heba Abdel-Tawab, Amina M. Ibrahim

Validation; Heba Abdel-Tawab, Amina M. Ibrahim

Visualization; Heba Abdel-Tawab, Amina M. Ibrahim

Roles/writing-original draft; Taghreed Hussein, Fatma Mohamed

Writing—review & editing; Heba Abdel-Tawab, Amina M. Ibrahim

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Heba Abdel-Tawab.

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Abdel-Tawab, H., Ibrahim, A.M., Hussein, T. et al. Mechanism of action and toxicological evaluation of engineered layered double hydroxide nanomaterials in Biomphalaria alexandrina snails. Environ Sci Pollut Res 29, 11765–11779 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-021-16332-w

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-021-16332-w

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