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Zinc oxide nanoparticles: potential effects on soil properties, crop production, food processing, and food quality

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Abstract

The use of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) is expected to increase soil fertility, crop productivity, and food quality. However, the potential effects of ZnO NP utilization should be deeply understood. This review highlights the behavior of ZnO NPs in soil and their interactions with the soil components. The review discusses the potential effects of ZnO NPs on plants and their mechanisms of action on plants and how these mechanisms are related to their physicochemical properties. The impact of current applications of ZnO NPs in the food industry is also discussed. Based on the literature reviewed, soil properties play a vital role in dispersing, aggregation, stability, bioavailability, and transport of ZnO NPs and their release into the soil. The transfer of ZnO NPs into the soil can affect the soil components, and subsequently, the structure of plants. The toxic effects of ZnO NPs on plants and microbes are caused by various mechanisms, mainly through the generation of reactive oxygen species, lysosomal destabilization, DNA damage, and the reduction of oxidative stress through direct penetration/liberation of Zn2+ ions in plant/microbe cells. The integration of ZnO NPs in food processing improves the properties of the relative ZnO NP–based nano-sensing, active packing, and food/feed bioactive ingredients delivery systems, leading to better food quality and safety. The unregulated/unsafe discharge concentrations of ZnO NPs into the soil, edible plant tissues, and processed foods raise environmental/safety concerns and adverse effects. Therefore, the safety issues related to ZnO NP applications in the soil, plants, and food are also discussed.

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Funding

The authors are grateful for the China Post-Doctoral Science Foundation Fund [2019M6617770], Jiangsu Agriculture Science and Technology Innovation Fund [CX (15)1005], Shuangchuang Talent Plan of Jiangsu Province, and the Excellent Scientist Plan of JAAS.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Salt-Soil Agricultural Center, Institute of Agriculture Resources and Environment, Jiangsu Academy of Agriculture Science (JAAS), Nanjing, 210014, China

    Mohamed Salah Sheteiwy, Hongbo Shao & Weicong Qi

  2. Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Mansoura University, Mansoura, 35516, Egypt

    Mohamed Salah Sheteiwy

  3. College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China

    Hiba Shaghaleh

  4. College of Agricultural Science and Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China

    Yousef Alhaj Hamoud & Tianow Wu

  5. School of Science, Western Sydney University, Locked Bag 1797, NSW, 2751, Penrith, Australia

    Paul Holford

  6. College of Environment and Safety Engineering, Qingdao University of Science & Technology, Qingdao, China

    Hongbo Shao

  7. Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Bioresources of Saline Soils, Yancheng Teachers University, Yancheng, China

    Hongbo Shao

  8. Department of Meteorology, COMSATS University Islamabad Campus, Islamabad, Pakistan

    Muhammad Zaffar Hashmi

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  3. Yousef Alhaj Hamoud
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  4. Paul Holford
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  7. Muhammad Zaffar Hashmi
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  8. Tianow Wu
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Contributions

Mohamed S. Sheteiwy, Hiba Shaghaleh, and Yousef Alhaj Hamoud provided the idea for the article; Mohamed S. Sheteiwy, Hiba Shaghaleh, Yousef Alhaj Hamoud, Paul Holford, Hongbo Shao, Weicong Qi, Muhammad Zaffar Hashmi, and Tianow Wu performed the literature search and data analysis; Hiba Shaghaleh, Yousef Alhaj Hamoud, and Mohamed S. Sheteiwy prepared the original draft of the work; Hiba Shaghaleh and Yousef Alhaj Hamoud critically revised the work.

Corresponding authors

Correspondence to Hiba Shaghaleh, Yousef Alhaj Hamoud or Hongbo Shao.

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Sheteiwy, M.S., Shaghaleh, H., Hamoud, Y.A. et al. Zinc oxide nanoparticles: potential effects on soil properties, crop production, food processing, and food quality. Environ Sci Pollut Res 28, 36942–36966 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-021-14542-w

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