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Tree responses to foliar dust deposition and gradient of air pollution around opencast coal mines of Jharia coalfield, India: gas exchange, antioxidative potential and tolerance level

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Abstract

Atmospheric pollution by opencast mining activities affects tree species around the mining area. The present study evaluated the responses of five native tree species to air pollution in Jharia coalfield. Sites were selected as closest to farthest from the mining area. Foliar dust deposition and foliar sulphate content affected stomatal conductance, superoxide dismutase activity and ascorbic acid and, thus, increased the susceptibility of sensitive species. Ficus benghalensis and Butea monosperma showed maximum dust deposition, while Adina cordifolia showed minimum deposition. Maximum dust deposition in Ficus benghalensis lowered stomatal conductance and, thus, checked the flux of other acidic gaseous pollutants which led to minimum variation in leaf extract pH. Higher stomatal conductance in Adina cordifolia and Aegle marmelos, on the other hand, facilitated the entry of acidic pollutants and disrupted many biological functions by altering photosynthesis and inducing membrane damage. Low variations in Ficus religiosa, Ficus benghalensis and Butea monosperma with sites and seasons suggest better physiological and morphological adaptations towards pollution load near coal mining areas. Tree species with better adaptation resisted variation in leaf extract pH by effectively metabolising sulphate and, thus, had higher chlorophyll content and relative water content.

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Data availability

The dataset used and/or analysed during the current study is available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.

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Acknowledgements

We sincerely acknowledge the support of the Director, CSIR-Central Institute of Mining and Fuel Research, Dhanbad for providing all the necessary laboratory facilities and financial assistance in the form of research project (MLP-97/18-19).

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  1. CSIR-Central Institute of Mining & Fuel Research, Dhanbad, Jharkhand, 826001, India

    Siddharth Singh, Bhanu Pandey, Lal Babu Roy, Sameer Shekhar & Ranjeet Kumar Singh

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  1. Siddharth Singh
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  2. Bhanu Pandey
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  3. Lal Babu Roy
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  4. Sameer Shekhar
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  5. Ranjeet Kumar Singh
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SS was responsible for the planning of the study, data analysis, and manuscript writing; BP for data analysis and manuscript writing; LBR and Sameer for air monitoring; and RKS for plant physiological and biochemical analyses.

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Correspondence to Siddharth Singh.

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Singh, S., Pandey, B., Roy, L.B. et al. Tree responses to foliar dust deposition and gradient of air pollution around opencast coal mines of Jharia coalfield, India: gas exchange, antioxidative potential and tolerance level. Environ Sci Pollut Res 28, 8637–8651 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-020-11088-1

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