Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Phytomonitoring and Mitigation of Air Pollution by Plants

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Sustainable Agriculture in the Era of Climate Change

Abstract

The urban environment is degrading globally at a more rapid pace than seen in the last few decades. Measures are taken in order to save the environment from rapid diffusing atmospheric pollution; however, the approach seems to be too slow either due to policies by the respective governments or lack of conviction. Air pollution monitoring is the initial step toward controlling the decay of bio-sustainable air. There are various methods to monitor air quality and its components using instrumental and chemical methods. These methods prove to be expensive and do not reflect the impact on living beings. Plants are stationary; hence, they participate and indicate the changes occurring in an environment. Several studies are done globally emphasizing the role of locally available vegetation as phytomonitor. In order to do so, various morphological, visual, and biochemical parameters are employed. The concept is based on the fact that different plant species respond differently to ambient air which can be used to quantify pollution. Different plants species also react in a varied way to different air pollutants. The pattern of air pollution also differs within and between the countries. That plants act as sinks of pollution is a well-known fact. Several researchers have enormously explained the biochemical pathways of air pollutants within the plants. The current work explores the practical case studies of phytomonitoring and the function of plants in mitigating air pollution. Plants from different locations around the industrial area were studied for their morphological and biochemical changes due to air pollution. Studies carried out to know the dust-capturing efficiencies of plants are discussed. The role of plants in mitigating airborne metals, either on the surface or as accumulators, is enumerated. For development of greenbelt, several tree species are also suggested here based on their resistance to air pollutants.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 129.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

Abbreviations

APTI:

Air Pollution Tolerance Index

CPCB:

Central Pollution Control Board

MPCB:

Maharashtra Pollution Control Board

MOEF:

Ministry of Environment and Forestry

SPM:

Suspended Particulate Matter

DRI:

Dust Retention Index

References

  • Abbasi SA (1998) Environmental pollution and its control. Cogent Int Pondicherry 9:445

    Google Scholar 

  • Agrawal M (1985) Plant factors as indicator of SO2 and O3 pollutants. Proceedings of international symposium on biological monitoring of the state environment (bio-indicator). Indian National Science Academy, New Delhi, pp 225–231

    Google Scholar 

  • Agrawal S, Tiwari S (1997) Susceptibility level of few plants on the basis of Air Pollution Tolerance Index. Indian Forester 123:319–322

    Google Scholar 

  • Ahmed KJ, Yunus M (1985) Leaf surface characteristics as indicators of air pollution. Symp. Biomonitoring State Environ. 254–257. In: Biological monitoring of the state of environment: bioindicators for I.C.S.U. by R.W. Press, 1986

    Google Scholar 

  • Akbari H (2002) Heat island reduction: an overview—effects of trees and implementation issues. Presentation by Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory at the University of Pennsylvania, LAPR 760, November 13th, 2002

    Google Scholar 

  • Akbari H et al (2001) Cool surface and shade trees to reduce energy use and improve air quality in urban areas. Sol Energy 70(3):259–310

    Google Scholar 

  • Alvarez D et al (1998) Macroscopic and microscopic symptoms in Abies religiosa exposed to ozone in a forest near Mexico City. Environ Pollut 103(2):251–259

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Arndt UL (1982) Comparability and standardization of biological processes. In: Steubing L, Jager HJ (eds) Monitoring of air pollutants. Dr. Junk Publishers, The Hague, pp 29–30

    Google Scholar 

  • Arnon DI (1949) Copper enzyme in isolated chloroplasts. Polyphenol oxidase in Beta vulgaris. Plant Physiol 24:1–15

    CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Bakiyaraj R, Ayyappan D (2014) Air pollution tolerance index of some terrestrial plants around an industrial area. Int J Mod Res Rev 2(1):1–7

    Google Scholar 

  • Banerjee A, Sarjar RK, Mukherji S (1983) Reduction in soluble protein and chlorophyll contents in a few plants as indicators of automobile exhaust pollution. Int J Environ Stud 20:239–243

    Google Scholar 

  • Banerjee AK, Chaphekar SB (1978) Observations of foliar injury to plants by SO2. Geobios 5:8–11

    Google Scholar 

  • Beckett KP et al (1998) Urban woodlands: their role in reducing the effects of particulate pollution. Environ Pollut 99:347–360

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Beckett KP, Freer-Smith PH, Taylor G (2000) Particulate pollution capture by urban trees: Effect of species and windspeed. Global Change Biol 6:995–1003

    Google Scholar 

  • Bhattacharya T et al (2011) Heavy metal concentration in street and leaf deposited dust in Anand city, India. R J Chem Sci 1(5):61–66

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bist B, Joshi N, Joshi A (2016) Dust retaining potential of Tithonia diversifolia (Hemsl.) A. Gray, International J of Life Sciences 4(2):235–240

    Google Scholar 

  • Bist B, Joshi N, Mule P, Joshi A (2017) Choice of selection of tree species for green belt development in Tarapur Industrial area. IJBPAS 6(9):1619–1628

    Google Scholar 

  • Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) (2007) “Phytoremediation of particulate matter from ambient environment through dust capturing plant species”, a report under Central Pollution Control Board. Ministry of Environment and Forests, Delhi. http://www.cpcb.nic.in/upload/NewItems/NewItem_87_NewItem_87_phyto_package.pdf

    Google Scholar 

  • Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) (2011) “Current air quality issues in India”, a paper presented by Central Pollution Control Board. Ministry of Environment and Forests, Delhi

    Google Scholar 

  • Chakrabortty S, Paratkar G (2006) Biomonitoring of trace element air pollution using mosses. Aerosol Air Qual Res 6(3):247–258

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Chaphekar SB (1972) Effects of atmospheric pollutants on plants in Bombay. J Biol Sci 15–126

    Google Scholar 

  • Chaphekar SB (1978) Biological indicators: The concept and new additions. Int J Ecol Environ Sci 4:45–52

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Chaphekar SB (1990) Effects of air pollution on plants in bombay metropolitan region. Final Report to the Min. of Environ, and Forests, New Delhi.

    Google Scholar 

  • Chaphekar SB et al (1980) Plants for air monitoring in industrial area. In: Furtado JI (ed) Tropical ecology and development. I.S.T.E, Kuala Lampur, pp 669–675

    Google Scholar 

  • Chaudhary CS, Rao DN (1977) Study of some factors in plant controlling their susceptibility to SO2 pollution. Proc India Natl Sci Acad Part B 46:211–236

    Google Scholar 

  • Chaudhary, Rathore (2018) Phytomonitoring of dust load and its effect on foliar micro morphological characteristics of urban trees. Plantica 2(3):170–179

    Google Scholar 

  • Cheng J, Sun E (2013) Factors affecting ozone sensitivity of tobacco Bel-W3 seedlings. Bot Stud 54:21

    PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Currie BA, Bass B (2008) Estimates of air pollution mitigation with green plants and green roofs using UFORE model. Urban Ecosyst 11:409–422

    Google Scholar 

  • Darley EF (1966) Studies on the effect of cement-kiln dust on vegetation. J Air Pollut Control Assoc 16:145–150

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Das TM et al (1981) Trees as dust filters. Sci Today 19:19–21

    Google Scholar 

  • Desai Y, Kapoor M (2013) Effect of building construction-dust on foliar micromorphology and biochemistry of Peltophorum pterocarpum (DC) Baker. Bionano Frontier 6(1):53–56

    Google Scholar 

  • Edmond RL, Driver CH (1974) Dispersion and deposition of spore fumes and fluorescent particles. Phytopathology 64:1313–1321

    Google Scholar 

  • Everett KR (1980) Distribution and properties of road dust along the northern portion of the haul road. In Environmental Engineering and Ecological Baseline Investigations along the Yukon River-Purdhoe Bay Haul Road, ed. J. Brown & R. Berg. US Army Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory, CRREL Report 80–19, pp. 101–28

    Google Scholar 

  • Falla J et al (2000) Biological air quality monitoring: a review. Environ Monit Assess 64(3):627–644

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Farooq M, Beg M (1980) Effect of aqueous sulphur dioxide on the membrane permeability of common Indian tree leaves. New Botanist 7:213–217

    Google Scholar 

  • Faqih AG (2015) Studies on foliar dust deposition on urban plants in Mumbai. Thesis submitted to the University of Mumbai

    Google Scholar 

  • Freer-Smith PH et al (2005) Deposition velocities to Sorbus aria, Acer campestre, Populus deltoides X trichocarpa ‘Beaupre’, Pinus nigra and X Cupressocyparis leylandii for coarse, fine and ultrafine particles in the urban environment. Environ Pollut 133:157–167

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Fritschen J et al (1970) Dispersion of air traces into and within a forested area (3). Report No. OSD 1366, College of Forest Resources, Washington Univ., Seattle, WA:53

    Google Scholar 

  • Garg KK, Varshney CK (1980) Effect of air pollution on the leaf epidermis at submicroscopic level. Exp Dermatol 368:1364–1366

    Google Scholar 

  • Garg SS et al (2000) Ind J Environ Prot 20:326–328

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Garrec JP, Van Haluwyn C (2002) Biomonitoring of the quality of the air. Editions Tec & Doc, Paris, p 117

    Google Scholar 

  • Goodman GT, Roberts TM (1971) Plants and soils as indicators of metals in the air. Nature 231, 287–292.

    Google Scholar 

  • Govindaraju M, Ganeshkumar RS, Muthukumaran VR, Visvanathan P (2012) Identification and evaluation of air-pollution-tolerant plants around lignitebased thermal power station for greenbelt development. Environ Sci Pollut Res 19:1210–1223

    Google Scholar 

  • Gostin IN (2009) Air pollution effects on the leaf structure of some Fabaceae species. Not Bot Hort Agrobot Cluj 37:57–63

    Google Scholar 

  • Gilbert OL (1968) Bryophytes as indicators of air pollution in the Tyne Valley. New Phytol 67:15

    Google Scholar 

  • Giridhar BA (1984) Study of interactions between industrial air pollutants and plants. PhD thesis, Univ. Bombay

    Google Scholar 

  • Grodzinska K (1978) Mosses as bioindicators of heavy metal pollution in Polish National Parks. Water Air Soil Pollut 9(1):83–97

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gupta RB et al (2008) Overview on attenuation of industrial air pollution by Green belt development. J Ind Pollut Control 24(1):1–8

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hallale BV, More PG (2013) Biomonitoring of air pollution around urban and industrial sites of Washim city (Maharashtra). Asian J Contemp Sci 2(1):13–15

    Google Scholar 

  • Hareesh B et al (2018) Assessment of different dust pollutants effect on total chlorophyll content, transpiration rate and yield of blackgram (Phaseolus mungo L.). Int J Curr Microbiol App Sci 7(04):2890–2896. https://doi.org/10.20546/ijcmas.2018.704.329

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hawksworth DL (2001) The magnitude of fungal diversity: the 1.5 million species estimate revisited. Mycol Res 105:1422–1432

    Google Scholar 

  • Heggestad HE (1991) Origin of Bel-W3, Bel-C and Bel-B tobacco varieties and their use as indicators of O3. Environ Pollut 74:264–291

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Hill AC (1971) Vegetation: a sink for atmospheric pollutants. J Air Pollut Cont Assoc 21:341–346

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Horaginamani SM et al (2012) Air pollution tolerance of selected plant species considered for urban green belt development in Trichy. World J Environ Biosci 1(1):51–54

    Google Scholar 

  • Hosker RP, Lindberg SE (1982) Review: atmospheric deposition and plant assimilation of gases and particles. Atmos Environ 16(5):889–910

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Joshi NC (1990) Experiments in phytomonitoring of urban atmosphere. Dissertation, University of Mumbai

    Google Scholar 

  • Joshi N (2014) Studies on monitoring suspended particulate matter using urban plants and understanding their green belt potentials. Final report to the University Grants Commission. Ref: No. F. No. 40-320/2011 (SR) Date: 1 Jul 2011

    Google Scholar 

  • Joshi N, Bora M (2011) Impact of air quality on physiological attributes of certain plants. Report and Opinion, 3(2):42–47

    Google Scholar 

  • Joshi PC, Chauhan A (2008) Performance of locally grown rice plants (Oryza sativa L.) exposed to air pollutants in a rapidly growing industrial area of district Haridwar, Uttarakhand, India. Life Sci J 5(3):41–45

    Google Scholar 

  • Joshi N, Joshi A (2013) Dust monitoring potentials of ruderal vegetation of Mumbai. J Ind Pollut Contr 29(2):269–274

    Google Scholar 

  • Joshi PC, Swami A (2009) Air pollution induced changes in the photosynthetic pigments of selected plant species. J Environ Biol 30(2):295–298

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Joshi N et al (2016a) Determining Air Quality Index of an industrial area using plants. J Ecol Photon 111:446–456

    Google Scholar 

  • Joshi N et al (2016b) Air pollution tolerance index of some trees species from the industrial area of Tarapur. Int J Life Sci Scienti Res 2(2):173–182

    Google Scholar 

  • Kadiyali RL (1996) Traffic engineering and transport planning, vol 5. Khanna Publication, Delhi, p 499

    Google Scholar 

  • Keller T (1974) The use of peroxidase activity for monitoring and mapping air pollution areas. Eur J For Pathol 4:11–19

    Google Scholar 

  • Keller T (1982) Physiological bioindicators of an effect of air pollution on plants. In: Steubing L, Jager J (eds) Monitoring of air pollutants by plants. Methods and problems. Dr. Junk Publishers, The Hague

    Google Scholar 

  • Keller T, Schwager H (1977) Air pollution and ascorbic acid. Eur J For Pathol 7:338–350

    Google Scholar 

  • Kerpen J, Faensen-Thiebes A (1985) Bioindicator tobacco Bel–W3. With simultaneous exposure to ozone and climate chamber measurements. Dust Air Pollut Prev 45(3):127–130

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Klumpp A et al (1996) Bio-indication of air pollution in the tropics – the active monitoring programme near Cubatao. Brazil Gefahrstoffe – Reinhaltung Luft 56:27–31

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Koppel A, Sild E (1995) Bioindication of ozone in Estonia by using tobacco variety Bel W3. Water Air Soil Pollut 85:1515–1519

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kumar KS et al (2012) Assessment of design wind speeds for metro cities of India. The Seventh International Colloquium on Bluff Body Aerodynamics and Applications (BBAA7) Shanghai, China, September 2–6

    Google Scholar 

  • Kushwaha U (2018) Dust pollution effects on the leaves anatomy of Catharanthus roseus and Nerium Oleander growing along the road side of Rewa city (M.P.). Int J Eng Sci 7(9):01–07

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lakshmi PS, Sravanti KL, Srinivas N. (2009) Air pollution tolerance index of various plant species growing in industrial areas. J Environ Sci 2:203–206

    Google Scholar 

  • Lee JA, Tallis JH (1973) Regional and historical aspects of lead pollution in Britain. Nature 245(5422):216–218

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Lohith K et al (2018) Assessment of air pollution impact on micromorphological and biochemical properties of Pentas lanceolata Forssk. and Cassia siamea Lam. Trop Plant Res 5(2):141–151. https://doi.org/10.22271/tpr.2018.v5.i2.019

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lone PM et al (2005) Study of dust pollution caused by traffic in Aligarh city. Indian J Environ Health 47(4):33–36

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Maharashtra Pollution Control Board (MPCB) (2014a) Air quality status of Maharashtra. (Compilation of air quality data recorded by MPCB 2013–2014.) http://mpcb.gov.in/ereports/pdf/Air%20Quality%20Report_MPCB_2013-14.pdf

  • Maharashtra Pollution Control Board (MPCB) (2014b) Air quality status of Maharashtra. (Compilation of air quality data recorded by MPCB 2012–2013.) http://mpcb.gov.in/ereports/pdf/Air%20Quality%20Report_MPCB_2012-13_TERI.pdf

  • Maharashtra Pollution Control Board (MPCB) (2014c) Air quality status of Maharashtra. (Compilation of air quality data recorded by MPCB 2011–2012.) http://mpcb.gov.in/ereports/pdf/AirQualityReport_MPCB_2011-12.pdf

  • Mancharkar AR (2001) Assessment of characters of plants to optimize green belt efficiency. Dissertation, University of Mumbai

    Google Scholar 

  • Mancharkar AR, Chaphekar SB (2005) Morphological basis of green belt efficiency. A.W. College, Otur

    Google Scholar 

  • Manning WJ, Feder WA (1980) Biomonitoring air pollutants with plants. Applied Science Publishers, London, p 142

    Google Scholar 

  • McCormack MC et al (2011) Indoor particulate matter increases asthma morbidity in children with non-atopic and atopic asthma. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 106:308–315

    PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Ministry of Environment and Forests (MOEF) (1985) Air pollution and plants: a state of the art report. In: Subrahmanyam GV, Rao DN, Varshney CK, Biswas DK (eds). Department of Environment, Government of India, New Delhi, p 193

    Google Scholar 

  • Ministry of Environment and Forests (MOEF) (2005) Manual on norms and standards for environment clearance of large construction projects. Government of India, New Delhi. http://envfor.nic.in/divisions/iass/Construction_Manual.pdf

    Google Scholar 

  • Mukherjee A (2015) Importance of urban forestry with reference to Kolkata. IOSR J Humanit Soc Sci 2(8):89–94

    Google Scholar 

  • Mukherjee A, Agrawal M (2018) Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 152:42–54

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Municipal Corporation of Greater Mumbai (MCGM) (2013) Report on Environment Status Air Quality Monitoring and Research Laboratory, Santacruz Pers. comm

    Google Scholar 

  • Nali C et al (2001) Monitoring and biomonitoring of surface ozone in Florence, Italy. Environ Monit Assess 69(2):159–174

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Nandi PK et al (1980) Effect of ozone, sulphur dioxide and their mixture on germination of Phaseolus aureus seeds. Indian J Air Pollut Contr 3(2):50–55

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Nash TH, Egan RS (1988) The biodiversity of lichens and bryophytes. In: Lichen, bryophytes and air quality. Thomas Nash III & Vilkmar Wirth (eds). Bibl. Carmer in der Gebr. Borntra. Verlag. Berlin, Stuttgart. Lichenol 30: 11–22

    Google Scholar 

  • Nimis PL et al (2000) Biomonitoring of trace elements with lichens in Veneto (NE Italy). Sci Total Environ 255(1):97–111

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Nitesh, Bharati B (2019) Impacts of ambient air quality of an industrial region on a member of asteraceae and its potentials as a phytomonitor. Environ Risk Assess Rem 3(1):8–14

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Nowak DJ, Heisler GM (2010) Air quality effects of urban trees and parks. www.nrpa.org

  • Patel AM, Kousar H (2011) Assessment of relative water content, leaf extract pH, ascorbic acid content and total chlorophyll of some plant species growing in Shimoga. Plant Archives 11(2):935–939

    Google Scholar 

  • Pal A, Kulshreshtha K, Ahmad KJ, Behl HM (2002) Do leaf surface characters play a role in plant surface resistance to auto exhaust pollution? Flora 197:47–55

    Google Scholar 

  • Pandey AK, Pandey M, Mishra A, Tiwary SM, Tripathi BD (2015) Air pollution tolerance index and anticipated performance index of some plant species for development of urban forest. Urban forestry and Urban greening (14):866–871

    Google Scholar 

  • Peñuelas J et al (1999) Dependence of ozone biomonitoring on meteorological conditions of different sites in Catalonia (N.E. Spain). Environ Monit Assess 56(2):221–224

    Google Scholar 

  • Pilegaard K (1978) Airborne metals and SO2 monitored by epiphytic lichens in an industrial area. Environ Pollut 17:81–92

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Pope CA, Dockery DW (2006) Health effects of fine particulate air pollution: lines that connect. J Air Waste Manage Assoc 56:709–742

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Posthumus AC (1982) Biological indicators of air pollution. In: Unsworth MH, Ormrod DP (eds) Effects of gaseous air pollution in agriculture and horticulture. Butterworth Scientific, London, pp 27–42

    Google Scholar 

  • Posthumus AC (1983) Higher plants as indicator and accumulator of gaseous air pollution. Environ Monit Assess 3:263–274

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Prajapati SK, Tripathi BD (2008) Seasonal variation of leaf dust accumulation and pigment content in plant species exposed to urban particulates pollution. J Environ Qual 37:865–870

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Quarg (1996) Airborne particulate matter in the United Kingdom. Third report of the quality of urban air review group. Department of the Environment, London

    Google Scholar 

  • Radhapriya P, Navaneetha GA, Malini P, Ramachandran A (2012) Assessment of air pollution tolerance levels of selected plants around cement industry, Coimbatore, India. J Environ Biol 33:635–641

    Google Scholar 

  • Rai PK, Panda LS (2015) Roadside plants as bio indicators of air pollution in an industrial region, Rourkela, India. Int J Adv Res Technol 4(1):14–36

    Google Scholar 

  • Raina AK, Sharma A (2003) Effect of vehicular pollution on the leaf micro-morphology, anatomy and chlorophyll contents of Syzygium cumini L. Indian J Environ Prot 23:897–902

    Google Scholar 

  • Rao DN (1979) Plants as a pollution monitoring device. Fertilizer News 24:25–28

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Rao DN (1981) Phytomonitoring of air pollutants. Proc. WHO workshop biol. indicators indices of environmental pollution. Osmania University, Hyderabad, Cent. Bd. Prev. Cont. Water Poll., 1–8

    Google Scholar 

  • Rao DN (1985) Plant and air pollutant mixture. In: Air pollution and plants: a state-of-the-art report. Department of Environment Ministry of Environment and Forests, Government of India, New Delhi, p 67

    Google Scholar 

  • Raupach MR et al (2001) The entrapment of particles by windbreaks. Atmos Environ 35:3373–3383

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Reiner C et al (1985) The use of Nicotiana tabacum L. Bel-W3. Staub – Reinhaltung der Luft 45(2):59–61

    Google Scholar 

  • Rowntree AR (1986) Ecology of the urban forest-introduction to part II. Urban Ecol 9:229–243

    Google Scholar 

  • Rühling A, Tyler G (1973) Heavy metal deposition in Scandinavia. Water Air Soil Pollut 2(4):445–455

    Google Scholar 

  • Sadasivam S, Manickam A (2009) Biochemical methods. New Age International Pvt. Ltd. Publishers, New Delhi, p 284

    Google Scholar 

  • Saitanis CJ, Karandinos MG (2001) Instrumental recording and biomonitoring of ambient ozone in the Greek countryside. Chemosphere 44(4):813–821

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Samal AK, Santra SC (2002) Ind J Environ Health 44:71–76

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Santelmann MV, Gorham E (1988) The influence of airborne road dust on the chemistry of Sphagnum mosses. J Ecol 76:1219–1231

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Schulz H, Schulz U, Huhn G, Schüürmann G (2000) Biomonitoring of airborne inorganic and organic pollutants by means of pine tree barks. I Deposition types and impact levels. J Appl Bot 74(5–6):248–253

    Google Scholar 

  • Shannigrahi AS et al (2004) Anticipated air pollution tolerance of some plant species considered for green belt development in and around an industrial/urban area in India: an overview. Int J Environ Stud 61(2):125–137

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sharma GK, Butler J (1973) Leaf cuticular variation in Trifolium repens L. as indicator of environmental pollution. Environ Pollut 5(4):287–293

    Google Scholar 

  • Shetye RP, Chaphekar SB (1980) Some estimations on dust fall in the city of Bombay, using plants. Vol. 4: pp. 61–70. In: Progress in Ecology. V. P. Agarwal and V.K. Sharma (Eds.). Today and Tomorrow’s Printers and publishers, New Delhi

    Google Scholar 

  • Singh ON (1995) Local air pollution in India. Pure Appl Chem 67:1462–1465

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Singh SK, Rao DN (1983) Evaluation of plants for their tolerance to air pollution. In: Proceedings symposium on air pollution control, vol 1. Indian Association for Air Pollution Control, New Delhi, pp 218–224

    Google Scholar 

  • Smith WH (1987) Air pollution and forests. Interaction between air contaminants and forest ecoscystems. Springer-Verlag New York Inc.

    Google Scholar 

  • Somashekar RK et al (1999) Pollut ResPollut Res 18:445–451

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Steinnes E (1995) A critical evaluation of the use of naturally growing moss to monitor the deposition of atmospheric metals. Sci Total Environ 160-161:243–249

    Google Scholar 

  • Steubbing L (1982) Problems of bioindication and the necessity of standardization. In: Steubing L, Jager J (eds) Monitoring of air pollutants by plants. Dr. Junk Publishers, The Hague, pp 19–24

    Google Scholar 

  • Steubbing L, Fangmier A, Both R (1989) Effects of SO2, NO2 and O3 on population development and morphological and physiological parameters of nature herb layer species in a beech forest. Environ Pollut 58:281–302

    Google Scholar 

  • Sucharova J, Suchara I (1998) Atmospheric deposition levels of chosen elements in the Czech Republic determined in the framework of the International Bryomonitoring Program 1995. Sci Total Environ 223:37–52

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Sukumaran D (2012) Effect of particulate pollution on various tissue systems of tropical plants. Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB), Zonal Office, Kolkata

    Google Scholar 

  • Suvarna LP et al (2008) Air pollution tolerance index of various plant species growing in industrial areas. The Ecoscan 2(2):203–206

    Google Scholar 

  • Swami, Abhishek (2018) Impact of automobile induced air pollution on road side vegetation: A Review. ESSENCE Int J Env Rehab Conserv IX(1):101–116

    Google Scholar 

  • Talukdar P et al (2018) Effect of air pollution on plant growth and pollen viability. World Sci News 109(2018):131–142

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Temmerman LD et al (2001) Biomonitoring with plants – considerations for the future. EuroBionet – Urban Air Pollution, Bioindication and Environmental Awareness, pp 337–373

    Google Scholar 

  • Thambavani SD, Sabitha MA (2011) Variation in air pollution tolerance indexand anticipated performance index of plants near a sugar factory: implications for landscape-plant species selection for industrial areas. Journal of research in Biology 7:494–502

    Google Scholar 

  • Thomas W (1983) Using plants in spatial trace substance analysis for emission monitoring. Staub–Reinhalt Luft 43(4):142–148

    Google Scholar 

  • Thomas W (1986) Representativity of mosses as biomonitor organisms for the accumulation of environmental chemicals in plants and soils. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 11:339–346

    Google Scholar 

  • Tiwari S, Tiwari M (2006) Air pollution tolerance indices of few plants growing near Raigarh (India). J Environ Res Develop 1(2):129–135

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Treshow M (1984) Effects of air pollutants on plants. In: Englund, S. and Calvert, S. (eds), Hand-Book on Air Pollution Control Technology, pp. 7–24. John Wiley and Sons, Chichester and New York

    Google Scholar 

  • Tripathi A, Mahima, Tiwari PB, Singh D (2009) Assessment of air pollution tolerance index of some trees in Moradabad city, India. J Environ Biol 30(4):545–550

    Google Scholar 

  • Tyagi A et al (2011) Climate of Jaipur, meteorological centre, Jaipur India meteorological department, Ministry of Earth Sciences, Government of India

    Google Scholar 

  • UNDP (1998) Human development report 1998. United Nations Development Program. Oxford University Press, New York

    Google Scholar 

  • Vergé X et al (2002) Bioindicator reliability: the example of Bel W3 tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.). Environ Pollut 118:337–349

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Verma A, Singh SN (2006) Biochemical and ultrastructural changes in plant foliage exposed to auto-pollution. Environ Monit Assess 120(1):585–602

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Wagoner KF (1975) Leaf cuticular and morphological variations in Plantago lanceolata as indicators of environmental pollution. J Tenn Acad Sci 50(3):79–83

    Google Scholar 

  • Warren, JL (1973) Green space for air pollution control. School of Forest Resources, Tech. Rep. No. 50, North Carolina State Univ., Raleigh, NC:118

    Google Scholar 

  • Weatherly PE (1950) Studies in the water relations of the cotton plant. The field measurement of water deficits in leaves. New Phytol 49:81–87

    Google Scholar 

  • Wei X et al (2017) Phytoremediation of air pollutants: exploiting the potential of plant leaves and leaf-associated microbes. Front Plant Sci 8:1318

    PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • William HS (1990) Interaction between air contaminants and forest ecology. In: Air pollution and forest, 2nd edn. Springer, New York. Resour. Tech. Rep.50. Raleigh NC from Novak (1988)

    Google Scholar 

  • World health organization (WHO) (2005) Air quality guidelines, global update. WHO Regional Publications, Germany, 484

    Google Scholar 

  • Younis U et al (2013) Variations in leaf dust accumulation, foliage and pigment attributes in fruiting plant species exposed to particulate pollution from Multan. Int J Agri Sci Res 3(3):1–12

    Google Scholar 

  • Yunus M et al (1985) Dust falling on some common plants near Lucknow city. Env Pollut (Series B) 9:71–80

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Botany, Rizvi College of Arts, Science and Commerce, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India

    Nitesh Joshi & Bharati Bist

  2. Department of Botany, Jai Hind College, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India

    Ambika Joshi

Authors
  1. Nitesh Joshi
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Ambika Joshi
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Bharati Bist
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Vegetables and Field Crops, Institute of Plant Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization (ARO) – The Volcani Center, Rishon Lezion, Israel

    Rajib Roychowdhury

  2. Plant Stress Biology & Metabolomics Laboratory, Central Instrumentation Laboratory (CIL), Assam (Central) University, Silchar, Assam, India

    Shuvasish Choudhury

  3. Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka, Bangladesh

    Mirza Hasanuzzaman

  4. Division of Crop Improvement, ICAR-Indian Institute of Sugarcane Research, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India

    Sangeeta Srivastava

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2020 Springer Nature Switzerland AG

About this chapter

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this chapter

Joshi, N., Joshi, A., Bist, B. (2020). Phytomonitoring and Mitigation of Air Pollution by Plants. In: Roychowdhury, R., Choudhury, S., Hasanuzzaman, M., Srivastava, S. (eds) Sustainable Agriculture in the Era of Climate Change. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-45669-6_5

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation