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Citric acid enhanced phytoextraction of nickel (Ni) and alleviate Mentha piperita (L.) from Ni-induced physiological and biochemical damages

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Abstract

Phytoremediation is considered one of the well-established and sustainable techniques for the removal of heavy metals and metalloids from contaminated sites. The metal extraction ability of the plants can be enhanced by using suitable organic materials in combination with metal-tolerant plants. This experiment was carried out to investigate the phytoextraction potential of Mentha piperita L. for nickel (Ni) with and without citric acid (CA) amendment in hydroponic experiment. The experiment was performed in controlled glass containers with continuous aeration in complete randomized design (CRD). Juvenile M. piperita plants were treated with different concentrations of Ni (100, 250, and 500 μM) alone and/or combined with CA (5 mM). After harvesting the plants, the morpho-physiological and biochemical attributes as well as Ni concentrations in different tissues of M. piperita plants were measured. Results revealed that Ni stress significantly decreased the plant agronomic traits, photosynthesis in comparison to control. Nickel stress enhanced the antioxidant enzymes activities and caused the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in M. piperita. The CA treatment under Ni stress significantly improved the plant morpho-physiological and biochemical characteristics when compared with Ni treatments alone. The results demonstrated that CA enhanced the Ni concentrations in roots, stems, and leaves up to 138.2%, 54.2%, and 38%, respectively, compared to Ni-only-treated plants. The improvement in plant growth with CA under Ni stress indicated that CA is beneficial for Ni phytoextraction by using tolerant plant species.

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Acknowledgments

The authors are highly thankful to the Higher Education Commission of Pakistan, University of Gujrat, Pakistan, and GC University Faisalabad, Pakistan, for providing laboratory and financial support granting award of project no. HEC/NRPU/8996/2017.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Gujrat, Hafiz Hayat Campus, Gujrat, 50700, Pakistan

    Kashaf Ul Khair, Mujahid Farid & Hafiz Khuzama Ishaq

  2. Department of Botany, Division of Science and Technology, University of Education, Lahore, Punjab, 54770, Pakistan

    Umair Ashraf

  3. Department of Chemistry, University of Gujrat, Hafiz Hayat Campus, Gujrat, 50700, Pakistan

    Muhammad Zubair

  4. Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan

    Muhammad Rizwan, Sheharyaar Farid, Usman Iftikhar & Shafaqat Ali

  5. Department of Biological Sciences and Technology, China Medical University, Taichung, 40402, Taiwan

    Shafaqat Ali

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  2. Mujahid Farid
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  3. Umair Ashraf
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  4. Muhammad Zubair
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  5. Muhammad Rizwan
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  6. Sheharyaar Farid
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  7. Hafiz Khuzama Ishaq
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  8. Usman Iftikhar
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  9. Shafaqat Ali
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Corresponding authors

Correspondence to Mujahid Farid or Shafaqat Ali.

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Responsible editor: Elena Maestri

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Significance of research work

Reported results provided hopeful outcomes and sustainable fate of Ni phytoextraction. The present study confirmed the ecotoxicity of Ni in M. piperita and the efficacy of CA amendment to enhance the Ni bioavailability in culture media and to alleviate Ni-induced ecotoxicity. M. piperita significantly accumulate Ni under CA amendment as confirmed from the results.

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Khair, K.U., Farid, M., Ashraf, U. et al. Citric acid enhanced phytoextraction of nickel (Ni) and alleviate Mentha piperita (L.) from Ni-induced physiological and biochemical damages. Environ Sci Pollut Res 27, 27010–27022 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-020-08978-9

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-020-08978-9

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