Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Anodic oxidation of benzoquinone using diamond anode

  • Electrochemical advanced oxidation processes for removal of toxic/persistent organic pollutants from water
  • Published:
Environmental Science and Pollution Research Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

The anodic degradation of 1,4-benzoquinone (BQ), one of the most toxic xenobiotic, was investigated by electrochemical oxidation at boron-doped diamond anode. The electrolyses have been performed in a single-compartment flow cell in galvanostatic conditions. The influence of applied current (0.5–2 A), BQ concentration (1–2 g dm−3), temperature (20–45 °C) and flow rate (100–300 dm3 h−1) has been studied. BQ decay kinetic, the evolution of its oxidation intermediates and the mineralization of the aqueous solutions were monitored during the electrolysis by high-performance liquid chromatograph (HPLC) and chemical oxygen demand (COD) measurements. The results obtained show that the use of diamond anode leads to total mineralization of BQ in any experimental conditions due to the production of oxidant hydroxyl radicals electrogenerated from water discharge. The decay kinetics of BQ removal follows a pseudo-first-order reaction, and the rate constant increases with rising current density. The COD removal rate was favoured by increasing of applied current, recirculating flow rate and it is almost unaffected by solution temperature.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Bock C, MacDougall B (1999) Anodic oxidation of p-benzoquinone and maleic acid. J Electrochem Soc 146:2925–2932

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Brillas E, Sires I, Arias C, Cabot PL, Centellas F, Rodriguez RM, Garrido JA (2005) Mineralization of paracetamol in aqueous medium by anodic oxidation with a boron-doped diamond electrode. Chemosphere 58:399–406

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Can OT, Bayramoglu M (2010) The effect of process conditions on the treatment of benzoquinone solution by electrocoagulation. J Hazard Mater 173:731–736

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Canizares P, Lobato J, Paz R, Rodrigo MA, Saez C (2005) Electrochemical oxidation of phenolic wastes with boron-doped diamond anodes. Water Res 39:2687–2703

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Canizares P, Gadri A, Lobato J, Nasr B, Paz R, Rodrigo MA, Saez C (2006) Electrochemical oxidation of azoic dyes with conductive-diamond anodes. Ind Eng Chem Res 45:3468–3473

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Canizares P, Lobato J, Paz R, Rodrigo MA, Saez C (2007a) Advanced oxidation processes for the treatment of olive-oil mills wastewater. Chemosphere 67:832–838

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Canizares P, Louhichi B, Gadri A, Nasr B, Paz R, Rodrigo MA, Saez C (2007b) Electrochemical treatment of the pollutants generated in an ink-manufacturing process. J Hazard Mater 146:552–557

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Canizares P, Hernandez M, Rodrigo MA, Saez C, Barrera CE, Roa G (2009) Electrooxidation of brown-colored molasses wastewater. Effect of the electrolyte salt on the process efficiency. Ind Eng Chem Res 48:1298–1301

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ciriaco L, Anjo C, Correia J, Pacheco MJ, Lopes A (2009) Electrochemical degradation of Ibuprofen on Ti/Pt/PbO2 and Si/BDD electrodes. Elecrtrochim Acta 54:1464–1472

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Elaoud SC, Panizza M, Cerisola G, Mhiri T (2011) Electrochemical degradation of sinapinic acid on a BDD anode. Desalination 272:148–153

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Faouzi M, Canizares P, Gadri A, Lobato J, Nasr B, Paz R, Rodrigo MA, Saez C (2006) Advanced oxidation processes for the treatment of wastes polluted with azoic dyes. Electrochim Acta 52:325–331

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Feng J, Houk LL, Johnson DC, Lowery SN, Carey JJ (1995) Electrocatalysis of anodic oxygen-transfer reactions: the electrochemical incineration of benzoquinone. J Electrochem Soc 142:3626–3632

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Flox C, Cabot PL, Centellas F, Garrido JA, Rodriguez RM, Arias C, Brillas E (2006) Electrochemical combustion of herbicide mecoprop in aqueous medium using a flow reactor with a boron-doped diamond anode. Chemosphere 64:892–902

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Guinea E, Brillas E, Centellas F, Canizares P, Rodrigo MA, Saez C (2009) Oxidation of enrofloxacin with conductive-diamond electrochemical oxidation, ozonation and Fenton oxidation. A comparison. Water Res 43:2131–2138

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hammami S, Bellakhal N, Oturan N, Oturan MA, Dachraoui M (2008) Degradation of Acid Orange 7 by electrochemically generated OH radicals in acidic aqueous medium using a boron-doped diamond or platinum anode: a mechanistic study. Chemosphere 73:678–684

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Houk LL, Johnson SK, Feng J, Houk RS, Johnson DC (1998) Electrochemical incineration of benzoquinone in aqueous media using a quaternary metal oxide electrode in the absence of a soluble supporting electrolyte. J Appl Electrochem 28:1167–1177

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Iniesta J, Michaud PA, Panizza M, Cerisola G, Aldaz A, Comninellis C (2001) Electrochemical oxidation of phenol at boron-doped diamond electrode. Electrochim Acta 46:3573–3578

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kumar P, Nemati M, Hill GA (2011) Biodegradation kinetics of 1,4-benzoquinone in batch and continuous systems. Biodegradation 22:1087–1093

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Martinez-Huitle CA, Brillas E (2009) Decontamination of wastewaters containing synthetic organic dyes by electrochemical methods: a general review. Appl Catal B-Environ 87:105–145

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Martínez-Huitle CA, Ferro S (2006) Electrochemical oxidation of organic pollutants for the wastewater treatment: direct and indirect processes. Chem Soc Rev 12:1324–1340

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Martínez-Huitle CA, Dos Santos EV, De Araújo DM, Panizza M (2012) Applicability of diamond electrode/anode to the electrochemical treatment of a real textile effluent. J Electroanal Chem 674:103–107

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Morao A, Lopes A, Pessoa de Amorim MT, Goncalves IC (2004) Degradation of mixtures of phenols using boron doped diamond electrodes for wastewater treatment. Electrochim Acta 49:1587–1595

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ozcan A, Sahin Y, Koparal AS, Oturan MA (2008) Propham mineralization in aqueous medium by anodic oxidation using boron-doped diamond anode: influence of experimental parameters on degradation kinetics and mineralization efficiency. Water Res 42:2889–2898

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Panizza M, Cerisola G (2005) Application of diamond electrodes to electrochemical processes. Electrochim Acta 51:191–199

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Panizza M, Cerisola G (2007) Electrocatalytic materials for the electrochemical oxidation of synthetic dyes. Appl Catal B-Environ 75:95–101

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Panizza M, Cerisola G (2008) Electrochemical degradation of methyl red using BDD and PbO2 anodes. Ind Eng Chem Res 47:6816–6820

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Panizza M, Cerisola G (2009a) Direct and mediated anodic oxidation of organic pollutants. Chem Rev 109:6541–6569

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Panizza M, Cerisola G (2009b) Electrochemical degradation of gallic acid on a BDD anode. Chemosphere 77:1060–1064

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Panizza M, Martinez-Huitle CA (2013) Role of electrode materials for the anodic oxidation of a real landfill leachate—comparison between Ti-Ru-Sn ternary oxide, PbO2 and boron-doped diamond anode. Chemosphere 90:1455–1460

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Panizza M, Duo I, Michaud PA, Cerisola G, Comninellis C (2000) Electrochemical detection of b-naphthol on boron-doped diamond electrodes. Influence of anodic treatment. Electrochem Solid St 3:429–430

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Panizza M, Michaud PA, Cerisola G, Comninellis C (2001) Anodic oxidation of 2-naphthol at boron-doped diamond electrodes. J Electroanal Chem 507:206

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Panizza M, Zolezzi M, Nicolella C (2006) Biological and electrochemical oxidation of naphthalenesulfonates. J Chem Technol Biotechnol 81:225–232

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Panizza M, Sires I, Cerisola G (2008) Anodic oxidation of mecoprop herbicide at lead dioxide. J Appl Electrochem 38:923–929

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Pierna AR, Sistiaga M, Navascues C, Lorenzo A (2001) Electrochemical treatment of toxic compounds on the surface of amorphous Ni-Nb-Pt-Sn alloys. J Non-Crystalline Solids 287:432–436

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Pulgarin C, Adler N, Peringer P, Comninellis C (1994) Electrochemical detoxification of a 1,4-benzoquinone solution in wastewater treatment. Water Res 28:887–893

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Rodrigo MA, Michaud PA, Duo I, Panizza M, Cerisola G, Comninellis C (2001) Oxidation of 4-chlorophenol at boron-doped diamond electrodes for wastewater treatment. J Electrochem Soc 148:D60–D64

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Rodriguez J, Rodrigo MA, Panizza M, Cerisola G (2009) Electrochemical oxidation of Acid Yellow 1 using diamond anode. J Appl Electrochem 39:2285–2289

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Shevchuk I, Kirsho U (1981) Mutual effects in the cooxidation of phenols, quinone and benzopyrene. Izvesti NSV Tead Akad Toim Keem 30:29–33

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Yoon J-H, Yang J, Shim Y-B, Won M-S (2007) Electrochemical degradation of benzoquinone in a flow through cell with carbon fibers. Bull Korean Chem Soc 28:403–407

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Zhao X, Hou Y, Liu H, Qiang Z, Qu J (2009) Electro-oxidation of diclofenac at boron doped diamond: kinetics and mechanism. Electrochim Acta 54:4172–4179

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Civil, Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Genoa, P.le J.F. Kennedy 1, 16129, Genoa, Italy

    Marco Panizza

Authors
  1. Marco Panizza
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Marco Panizza.

Additional information

Responsible editor: Philippe Garrigues

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Panizza, M. Anodic oxidation of benzoquinone using diamond anode. Environ Sci Pollut Res 21, 8451–8456 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-014-2782-2

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-014-2782-2

Keywords

Search

Navigation