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A Cr(VI)-reducing Microbacterium sp. strain SUCR140 enhances growth and yield of Zea mays in Cr(VI) amended soil through reduced chromium toxicity and improves colonization of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi

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Abstract

Pot culture experiments were conducted in a glasshouse to evaluate the effects of four efficient Cr(VI)-reducing bacterial strains (SUCR44, SUCR140, SUCR186, and SUCR188) isolated from rhizospheric soil, and four arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF—Glomus mosseae, G. aggregatum, G. fasciculatum, and G. intraradices) alone or in combination, on Zea mays in artificially Cr(VI)-amended soil. Presence of a strain of Microbacterium sp. SUCR140 reduced the chromate toxicity resulting in improved growth and yields of plants compared to control. The bioavailability of Cr(VI) in soil and its uptake by the plant reduced significantly in SUCR140-treated plants; the effects of AMF, however, either alone or in presence of SUCR140 were not significant. On the other hand, presence of AMF significantly restricted the transport of chromium from root to the aerial parts of plants. The populations of AMF chlamydospores in soil and its root colonization improved in presence of SUCR140. This study demonstrates the usefulness of an efficient Cr(VI)-reducing bacterial strain SUCR140 in improving yields probably through reducing toxicity to plants by lowering bioavailability and uptake of Cr(VI) and improving nutrient availability through increased mycorrhizal colonization which also restricted the transport of chromium to the aerial parts.

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Acknowledgments

The authors wish to thank the Director, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, India, for providing necessary facilities and encouragement during the course of investigation and the Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR), New Delhi, India, for providing financial support to SKS.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Microbial Technology, CSIR—Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, 226015, India

    Sumit K. Soni, Rakshapal Singh & Ashutosh Awasthi

  2. CSIR—Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, P.O. CIMAP, Lucknow, 226015, Uttar Pradesh, India

    Alok Kalra

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  1. Sumit K. Soni
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  2. Rakshapal Singh
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  3. Ashutosh Awasthi
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Correspondence to Alok Kalra.

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Soni, S.K., Singh, R., Awasthi, A. et al. A Cr(VI)-reducing Microbacterium sp. strain SUCR140 enhances growth and yield of Zea mays in Cr(VI) amended soil through reduced chromium toxicity and improves colonization of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. Environ Sci Pollut Res 21, 1971–1979 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-013-2098-7

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