Abstract
Aims
To understand the species composition, abundance and diversity of nitrogen-fixing bacteria in the Cenchrus fungigraminus rhizosphere and to screen nitrogen-fixing bacteria to study their potential role in plant growth promotion.
Methods
Soil were collected from 4 depths (G1, G2, G3 and G4) of the C. fungigraminus rhizosphere, and their physical and chemical properties were determined. The diversity and abundance of nitrogen-fixing bacteria and the nifH gene was analysed. Nitrogen-fixing bacteria were screened and selected to promote growth of C. fungigraminus seedlings.
Results
The highest diversity and abundance of nitrogen-fixing bacteria was observed in the G2 samples collected from the C. fungigraminus rhizosphere. These bacteria mainly included Proteobacteria (93.91%), Actinobacteria (0.42%), and Firmicutes (0.18%) and were significantly affected by total nitrogen, available nitrogen and soil depth. The nifH gene copy number was highest (1.56 ± 0.17 × 107 copies/g) in G2. Rhizobium pusense No. 8 and No. 28 were isolated from G1 and G2, with nitrogenase activities of 145.06 ± 4.10 and 199.78 ± 7.50 U/L. The promotion experiment revealed that the plant height, root length, and leaf length of C. fungigraminus seedlings treated with both strains significantly increased by 56.79%, 76.99% and 55.71%, and the soil moisture and total nitrogen were significantly increased compared to the control (P < 0.05). The available nitrogen, organic matter and organic carbon in soil with strain No. 28 significantly increased compared to CK.
Conclusion
Rhizobacteria in the C. fungigraminus rhizosphere play an important role as plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR). Two strains showed potential for the development of biological fertilizers.
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Acknowledgements
We are grateful to Mr. Yongqing Wang from the Danzhou Demonstration Base of the National Engineering Research Center of Juncao Technology in Hainan Province for his help during sample collection. Many thanks to Prof. Christopher Rensing for revising the paper.
Funding
This study was supported by Special project for the protection and utilization of agricultural resources of the Department of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of Fujian Province “Research and application of key technologies for innovation and industrialized utilization of Juncao and Juncao mushroom” (KKY22001XA); Major Special Project of Fujian Province “Research and application of key technologies for innovation and industrialized utilization of Juncao” (2021NZ029009);; Open Project of Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnology for Higher Education in Fujian Province, Longyan College (2020KF01); and Doctoral Research Fund Project of Longyan College (LB20202002).
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Jing Li, Biaosheng Lin, Zhanxi Lin and Dongmei Lin conceived and designed the experiments; Jing Li, Yanglin Liu, Bingxin Zhou, Tingting Li and Hui Lin performed the experiments and analysed the data; Jing Li, Bingxin Zhou, Tingting Li, Biaosheng Lin and Guodong Lu performed the statistical analyses and wrote the manuscript. All authors reviewed and approved the final draft.
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Li, J., Zhou, B., Li, T. et al. Isolation of rhizobacteria from the Cenchrus fungigraminus rhizosphere and characterization of their nitrogen-fixing performance and potential role in plant growth promotion. Plant Soil 489, 405–421 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-023-06028-0
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-023-06028-0