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Osteoinductivity of gelatin/β-tricalcium phosphate sponges loaded with different concentrations of mesenchymal stem cells and bone morphogenetic protein-2 in an equine bone defect model

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Abstract

Fracture is one of the most life-threatening injuries in horses. Fracture repair is often associated with unsatisfactory outcomes and is associated with a high incidence of complications. This study aimed to evaluate the osteogenic effects of gelatin/β-tricalcium phosphate (GT) sponges loaded with different concentrations/ratios of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) in an equine bone defect model. Seven thoroughbred horses were used in this study. Eight bone defects were created in the third metatarsal bones of each horse. Then, eight treatments, namely control, GT, GT/M-5, GT/M-6, GT/M-5/B-1, GT/M-5/B-3, GT/M-6/B-1, and GT/M-6/B-3 were applied to the eight different sites in a randomized manner (M-5: 2 × 105 MSCs; M-6: 2 × 106 MSCs; B-1: 1 μg of BMP-2; B-3: 3 μg of BMP-2). Repair of bone defects was assessed by radiography, quantitative computed tomography (QCT), and histopathological evaluation. Radiographic scores and CT values were significantly lower in the control group than in the other groups, while they were significantly higher in the GT/M-5/B-3 and GT/M-6/B-3 groups than in the other groups. The amount of mature compact bone filling the defects was greater in the GT/M-5/B-3 and GT/M-6/B-3 groups than in the other groups. The present study demonstrated that the GT sponge loaded with MSCs and BMP-2 promoted bone regeneration in an equine bone defect model. The GT/MSC/BMP-2 described here may be useful for treating horses with bone injuries.

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Acknowledgments

The authors thank Takashi Yamaga, Takafumi Tanabe, Hiroki Uchiyama, and Yoshinori Kambayashi for their assistance in bone marrow aspiration and postoperative care.

Conflict of interest

The authors declare no financial or personal conflicts of interest.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Clinical Veterinary Science, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro-City, Hokkaido, 080-8555, Japan

    Jong-pil Seo, Nao Tsuzuki, Shingo Haneda, Kazutaka Yamada & Naoki Sasaki

  2. Department of Basic Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro-City, Hokkaido, 080-8555, Japan

    Hidefumi Furuoka

  3. Department of Biomaterials, Institute for Frontier Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan

    Yasuhiko Tabata

Authors
  1. Jong-pil Seo
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  2. Nao Tsuzuki
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  3. Shingo Haneda
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  4. Kazutaka Yamada
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  5. Hidefumi Furuoka
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  6. Yasuhiko Tabata
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  7. Naoki Sasaki
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Correspondence to Naoki Sasaki.

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Seo, Jp., Tsuzuki, N., Haneda, S. et al. Osteoinductivity of gelatin/β-tricalcium phosphate sponges loaded with different concentrations of mesenchymal stem cells and bone morphogenetic protein-2 in an equine bone defect model. Vet Res Commun 38, 73–80 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11259-013-9587-5

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11259-013-9587-5

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