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Comparison Capacity of Collagen Hydrogel and Collagen/Strontium Bioglass Nanocomposite Scaffolds With and Without mesenchymal Stem Cells in Regeneration of Critical Sized Bone Defect in a Rabbit Animal Model

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Abstract

Bone self-healing is limited and requires additional or external intervention to promote and accelerate bone regeneration. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the potential capacity of hydrogel collagen (Co) nanocomposite alone, and in combination with 2% strontium (Co/BGSr2%) in presence of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in full-thickness bone defect regeneration in the rabbit animal model. A total of 72 New Zealand white rabbits were randomly divided in 6 groups of 12 rabbits with full-thickness bone defect. In five groups, the bone defect was treated with MSC, Co, Co/BGSr2%, Co + MSCs, and Co/BGSr2% + MSCs. No treatment was done in the control group. The treatments were assessed radiographically, histopathologically, and immunohistochemically on days 14, 28, 42, and 56 post-treatment. The highest radiographical and histological scores were belonged to the Co/BGSr2% + MSC followed by Co + MSCs, Co/BGSr2%, Co, MSC, and the control groups. The highest and lowest mean expression level of osteocalcin was detected in the Co/BGSr2% + MSC and control groups by 28th dayof post-implantation, respectively. In contrast, the highest and lowest mean expression level of osteocalcin on day 56 post-implantation was belonged to the control and Co/BGSr2% + MSC, respectively. The Co/BGSr2% nanocomposite scaffold seeded with MSC can accelerate bone regeneration resulted from osteoblastic production of osteocalcin protein. Therefore, collagen hydrogel combined with 2% strontium in nanocomposite form is a suitable candidate scaffold for bone tissue engineering.

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Data Availability

All data are available based on request via contacting with corresponding authors by email.

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Not applicable

Abbreviations

Co/BGSr: :

Collagen/bioglass/strontium

PT: :

Post-treatment

Co: :

Collagen

MSCs: :

Mesenchymal stem cells

IHC: :

Immunohistochemistry

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Acknowledgements

We would like to thank Tehran University of Medical Sciences.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Pathology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, Iran

    Gelavizh Gharati, Sadegh Shirian, Behnam Bakhtirimoghadam & Iraj Karimi

  2. Shefa Neuroscience Research Center, Khatam Alanbia Hospital, Tehran, Iran

    Gelavizh Gharati

  3. Shiraz Molecular Pathology Research Center, Dr Daneshbod Path Lab, Shiraz, Iran

    Gelavizh Gharati

  4. Department of Surgery, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, Iran

    Siavash Sharifi

  5. Department of Medical NanotechnologyDepartment of Medical Nanotechnology, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies , Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran

    Esmaeil Mirzaei

  6. Research Institute of Animal Embryo Technology, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, Iran

    Hassan Nazari

Authors
  1. Gelavizh Gharati
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  2. Sadegh Shirian
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  3. Siavash Sharifi
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  4. Esmaeil Mirzaei
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  5. Behnam Bakhtirimoghadam
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  6. Iraj Karimi
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  7. Hassan Nazari
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Contributions

Sadegh Shirian designed the study. The surgery and radiographic image analysis was done by Siavash Sharifi. Geleviz Gharati and Behnam Bakhtiarimoghadam contributed to all step of the study including IHC, cell culture, radiography, and pathology. Esmail Mirzaee contributed to the scaffold characterization. Iraj Karimi and Sadegh Shirian interpreted the IHC and histopathology sections. Hassan Nazari contributed to cell culture. Sadegh Shirian wrote the manuscript.

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Correspondence to Sadegh Shirian or Siavash Sharifi.

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Gharati, G., Shirian, S., Sharifi, S. et al. Comparison Capacity of Collagen Hydrogel and Collagen/Strontium Bioglass Nanocomposite Scaffolds With and Without mesenchymal Stem Cells in Regeneration of Critical Sized Bone Defect in a Rabbit Animal Model. Biol Trace Elem Res 200, 3176–3186 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12011-021-02909-6

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