Abstract
Yeast extract (YE) has emerged as a potent biotic elicitor that can induce plant defense responses, leading to enhanced phytoalexin accumulation. Increased production of two isoflavones—daidzein and genistein—that are widely used in pharmaceutical industries was elicited using YE in suspension cell cultures of Pueraria candollei var. mirifica. Compared with the controls, cells treated with 2 mg/L YE for 21 days produced 11-fold increased amounts of daidzein and genistein in the suspension cultures (5.12 and 0.34 mg/g dry weight (DW), respectively). Furthermore, YE treatment significantly upregulated isoflavonoid biosynthesis, as revealed via gene expression studies. In particular, among genes involved in daidzein and genistein biosynthesis, the isoflavone synthase and isoflavone reductase genes were significantly upregulated and the chalcone isomerase and 2,7,4′-trihydroxyisoflavanone dehydratase genes were significantly downregulated; moreover, these changes were associated with the accumulation of these two isoflavones in suspension cell cultures. Overall, the results obtained in this study both emphasize the utility of YE for enhancing the in vitro production of the two bioactive isoflavones examined for pharmaceutical and nutraceutical utilization and advance our understanding of their biosynthesis in response to YE elicitation.
Key message
Yeast extract modulated the expression of genes involved in isoflavonoid biosynthesis in suspension cultures of P. candollei var. mirifica cells.
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Abbreviations
- YE:
-
Yeast extract
- MS:
-
Murashige and Skoog
- HPTLC:
-
High-performance thin-layer chromatography
- DW:
-
Dry weight
- CHS:
-
Chalcone synthase
- CHI:
-
Chalcone isomerase
- CHR:
-
Chalcone reductase
- IFS:
-
Isoflavone synthase
- HID:
-
2,7,4′-Trihydroxyisoflavanone dehydratase
- IFR:
-
Isoflavone reductase
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Acknowledgements
This research was supported by the Rachadapisek Sompote Fund for Postdoctoral Fellowships and by the Research Assistant Scholarship from the Graduate School of Chulalongkorn University, and also by Chulalongkorn University through the Natural Product Biotechnology Research Unit (Grant No. GRU 620113303-1).
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Communicated by Nokwanda Pearl Makunga.
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Supplementary file1 Cells of Pueraria candollei var. mirifica after subculture (a) Healthy calli from the modified medium. (b) Suspension cell culture after 21 days of elicitation using yeast extract (2 mg/L). Scale bar = 1 cm (DOCX 1445 kb)
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Rani, D., Meelaph, T., De-Eknamkul, W. et al. Yeast extract elicited isoflavonoid accumulation and biosynthetic gene expression in Pueraria candollei var. mirifica cell cultures. Plant Cell Tiss Organ Cult 141, 661–667 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11240-020-01809-2
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11240-020-01809-2