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Methyl jasmonate and salicylic acid elicitation increase content and yield of chlorogenic acid and its derivatives in Gardenia jasminoides cell suspension cultures

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Abstract

Chlorogenic acid and its derivatives (CADs) are the bioactive components in Gardenia jasminoides Ellis (GJE) fruits but occur at a low level. In the current paper, four types of calluses were induced from GJE leaf explants, and light yellow-green calluses with a fine appearance and texture were selected for the development of a cell suspension culture to produce CADs. Additionally, cultured cells were elicited by salicylic acid (SA) and methyl jasmonate (MeJA) to increase the CADs yield. Seven CADs compounds were identified via HPLC-TOF-MS/MS, namely, 3-caffeoylquinic acid, 4-caffeoylquinic acid, 5-caffeoylquinic acid, 3,5-dicaffeoylquinic acid, 4,5-dicaffeoylquinic acid, 3,5-dicaffeoyl-4-o-(3-hydroxyl-3-methyl)-glutaroylquinic acid, and malonyl-4,5-o-dicaffeoylquinic acid. This is the first identification of malonyl-4,5-o-dicaffeoylquinic acid from GJE. Both SA and MeJA significantly promoted the CADs yield, but MeJA was more effective than SA. Cells elicited by 200 µM MeJA showed the maximum total CADs content and yield, up to 20.98 ± 1.1 mg g−1 and 232.32 ± 9.1 mg L−1, which were 19.51 times and 14.14 times those of the control, respectively. Furthermore, the total CADs extracted from cells elicited by 200 µM MeJA displayed a much higher antioxidant capacity than that of natural GJE fruits. Our research suggested that a GJE cell culture combined with MeJA elicitation has a promising application in natural CADs production.

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Abbreviations

GJE:

Gardenia jasminoides Ellis

CADs:

Chlorogenic acid and its derivatives

SA:

Salicylic acid

MeJA:

Methyl jasmonate

NAA:

1-Naphthylacetic acid

KT:

Kinetin

DFIs:

Diagnostic fragment-ions

3-CQA:

3-caffeoylquinic acid

4-CQA:

4-caffeoylquinic acid

5-CQA:

5-caffeoylquinic acid

3,5-diCQA:

3,5-dicaffeoylquinic acid

4,5-diCQA:

4,5-dicaffeoylquinic acid

3,5-diC(HMG)QA:

3,5-dicaffeoyl-4-o-(3-hydroxyl-3-methyl)-glutaroylquinic acid

M-4,5-diCQA:

Malonyl-4,5-o-dicaffeoylquinic acid

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Acknowledgements

The authors are grateful for the financial support of research projects from the Natural Science Foundation of PR China (No. 31260368; No. 31460436) and Food and Drug Administration of Jiangxi Province of China (No. 2015yp17). The authors also acknowledge the HPLC-TOF-MS/MS technical assistance of Analysis and Determination Center, University of Nanchang, Jiangxi, China.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products and Functional Food, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, 330045, China

    Ze-Bo Liu, Ji-Guang Chen, Zhong-Ping Yin, Xin-Chen Shangguan, Da-Yong Peng, Tao Lu & Ping Lin

  2. College of Food Science and Engineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, 330045, China

    Ze-Bo Liu, Ji-Guang Chen, Zhong-Ping Yin, Tao Lu & Ping Lin

Authors
  1. Ze-Bo Liu
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  2. Ji-Guang Chen
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  4. Xin-Chen Shangguan
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  6. Tao Lu
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  7. Ping Lin
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Contributions

ZPY and XCS conceived the idea and designed the experiments. ZBL and JGC performed the experiments. ZBL, TL, and PL analyzed the data. All the authors contributed to writing and editing of the manuscript.

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Correspondence to Zhong-Ping Yin.

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The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

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Communicated by Sergio J. Ochatt.

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Liu, ZB., Chen, JG., Yin, ZP. et al. Methyl jasmonate and salicylic acid elicitation increase content and yield of chlorogenic acid and its derivatives in Gardenia jasminoides cell suspension cultures. Plant Cell Tiss Organ Cult 134, 79–93 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11240-018-1401-1

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