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Application of peanut shell biochar increases rice yield in saline-alkali paddy fields by regulating leaf ion concentrations and photosynthesis rate

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Abstract

Aims

Saline-alkali soil seriously restricts the crop’s photosynthesis rate and yield formation. Biochar addition could alleviate the adverse impacts of saline-alkali stress in crops. However, little information is available on the ionic accumulation and photosynthesis rate of rice in highly saline-alkali paddy fields. This study aimed to evaluated the influence of the peanut shell biochar on leaf ionic concentration, stress physiology indices, photosynthesis related parameters and rice yield in highly saline-alkali paddy field condition.

Methods

Field experiment was carried out using two nitrogen application rate treatments (0 and 225 kg N ha−1) and four biochar applied rate treatments (0%, 1.5%, 3.0% and 4.5% w/w). The field experiment was arranged in a complete randomized design with three replications.

Results

The results show that peanut shell biochar significantly reduced the leaf Na+ concentration, Na+/K+ ratio, abscisic acid and malondialdehyde concentration of rice, while enhanced leaf K+ concentration, and improved leaf water status and relative electrical leakage in treatments both with or without N fertilization. Furthermore, peanut shell biochar could provide beneficial effects on chlorophyll concentration, leaf N concentration, leaf area index, photosynthetic potential, stomatal conductance, and transpiration rates, which is of great benefit to the enhancement of leaf photosynthesis rate and net assimilation rate of rice population. In addition, the biomass, grain yield and harvested index were increased.

Conclusions

These results indicated that peanut shell biochar could effectively ameliorate saline–alkali stress and increase rice yield by regulating of leaf ionic concentration and improving leaf photosynthesis rate.

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Funding

This study was funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 32071951) and Jilin Province Education Department Planning Project (No. JJKH20200340KJ).

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Author notes

  1. Junlong Piao, Weikang Che and Xiang Li contributed equally to this work.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Agronomy College, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China

    Junlong Piao, Weikang Che, Xiang Li, Xuebin Li, Chengbo Zhang, Qingshu Wang & Feng Jin

  2. JiLin Agricultural Science and Technology University, Jilin, 132101, China

    Shuang Hua

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  1. Junlong Piao
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  2. Weikang Che
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  3. Xiang Li
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  4. Xuebin Li
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  7. Feng Jin
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Piao, J., Che, W., Li, X. et al. Application of peanut shell biochar increases rice yield in saline-alkali paddy fields by regulating leaf ion concentrations and photosynthesis rate. Plant Soil 483, 589–606 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-022-05767-w

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