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Fine root dynamics after soil disturbance evaluated with a root scanner method

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Abstract

Aims

Fine root production in ecosystems has been estimated mainly by excavation methods that cause soil disturbance. In this study, patterns of fine root dynamics following soil disturbance were monitored for multiple years and were analyzed quantitatively by applying a root scanner method that allows continuous observations.

Methods

Eleven scanners were inserted into the soil of cypress and oak forests with soil disturbance, and weekly soil profiles were scanned for several years. Then fine root dynamics were estimated quantitatively by image analyses.

Results

Fine roots emerged intensively in the immediate year of the scanner installation. Seasonal patterns of cumulative root area production followed the logistic curve, but its parameters varied depending on stands and elapsed years after the scanner installation. Estimates of the annual production and instantaneous production rate from the logistic equation differed between the immediate and the following years after disturbance in the cypress and oak stands.

Conclusions

The root scanner method is a viable technique to quantitatively describe fine root dynamics of forests, including the possible effects of soil disturbance. The results suggested that fine root production can be described by a logistic equation providing both an asymptotic upper boundary and a growth coefficient.

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Acknowledgments

We thank T. Miyaura and Satoyama Research Center of Ryukoku University who allowed us the use of Ryukoku Forest for data and sample collection. N. Kurachi is acknowledged for suggesting application of logistic growth analysis to fine root data which proved useful. K. Nakamura helped analyze soil texture of the study site. We also acknowledge M. Dannoura and D. Epron for critical review of this manuscript. Fellow students, including J. An, H. Schäfer, H. Nakamura, K. Hattori, A. Kawamura, M. Ishii, helped various aspects of the study particularly for image acquisition by root scanners or stand measurement. The present study was supported in part by a Grant-in-Aid of Scientific Research no. 16 J10182 from the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science to R. N. (DC1).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Forest and Biomaterials Science, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8502, Japan

    Ryo Nakahata & Akira Osawa

  2. Research Fellow of Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Tokyo, Japan

    Ryo Nakahata

  3. Department of Natural Resources, Graduate School of Global Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8502, Japan

    Akira Osawa

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  1. Ryo Nakahata
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Correspondence to Ryo Nakahata.

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Appendix

Appendix

Fig. 10
figure 10

Schematic diagrams of two types of scanner boxes. For the CCD-type scanner, the scanning surface was covered with a transparent acrylic panel. On the other hand, the scanning surface was exposed without a transparent acrylic panel on the CIS-type scanner. USB cable (and power cable for the CCD-type) protrudes from the scanner box for connection to the laptop computer (and the battery for the CCD-type)

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Table 4 Dates of scanner installation (SI), first root emergence (FE), and last scanning (LS) in each root scanner. Duration between dates of scanner installation and last scanning, and between dates of scanner installation and first root emergence were calculated using those dates
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Table 5 Estimated values of asymptotic upper limit (A; mm2 cm−2), growth coefficient (λ; d−1) and day of the year of the maximum value of inclination (t DOY ; d) by fitting the logistic curve (Eq. 3) for cumulative root area production (Rp) in each scanner and elapsed year from scanner installation. The t DOY was calculated by the following equation: t DOY  = ln k ∙ λ −1, where k is an integration constant of the logistic equation
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Nakahata, R., Osawa, A. Fine root dynamics after soil disturbance evaluated with a root scanner method. Plant Soil 419, 467–487 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-017-3361-3

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