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Temporal and spatial distributions of sodium and polyamines regulated by brassinosteroids in enhancing tomato salt resistance

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Abstract

Aims

This study examined brassinosteroids-induced enhancement of plant salt resistance of tomato.

Methods

Pot experiment was conducted in the whole-life-cycle of cherry tomato. The effects of 24-epibrassinolide (EBL) foliar spraying on temporal and spatial distributions of ions and PAs in the whole-life-cycle of salt-stressed plants were studied.

Results

EBL could well relieve salt-induced inhibitory effects on plant growth and development in different levels, especially in the late period of tomato. EBL inhibited Na+ upward transport in salt-stressed tomato, especially in their flowers and apiculus. Salt stress decreased PAs concentration in tomato: Put > Spd > Spm, however, Spm was also the most obvious one of PAs elevated by EBL in nutritoriums of salt-stressed tomato. Also, EBL-induced an obvious increase of PAs, mainly in young leaves. EBL increased fruit-PAs concentration in mid-anaphase, and promoted the (Spd + Spm)/Put ratio in premetaphase of fruit period, improving their salt resistance.

Conclusions

EBL alleviates salt stress on tomato through regulations of Na+-root-to-shoot translocation and PAs concentrations in the whole-life-cycle, which especially showed in young vegetative organs or fruit organs, improving its salt resistance. Also, the PAs increase caused by EBL is also likely to be related to the decline of Na+ and little change of K+ in the shoots of salt-stressed tomato that were sprayed with EBL.

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Abbreviations

BRs:

Brassinosteroids

BL:

Brassinolide

EBL:

24-epibrassinolide

HBL:

28-homobrassinolide

PAs:

Polyamines

Put:

Putrescine

Spd:

Spermidine

Spm:

Spermine

U-leaf:

The third leaf near the top

M-leaf:

The leaf right in the middle

L-leaf:

The third leaf near the base

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Acknowledgments

The authors gratefully thank for the support provided by “Jiangsu independent innovation program of agricultural science and technology [CX(15)1044-06]” and “The new project of agriculture of Jiangsu Province (SXGC[2015]291)”.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. College of Resources and Environmental Science, Key Laboratory of Marine Biology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210095, China

    Qingsong Zheng, Jinlong Liu, Ran Liu & Changhai Wang

  2. Jiangsu Station of Agro-Ecological Monitoring and Protection, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210036, China

    Hao Wu & Yongxiang Guan

  3. Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei, Anhui, 230031, China

    Chaoqiang Jiang

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  1. Qingsong Zheng
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  2. Jinlong Liu
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  3. Ran Liu
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Correspondence to Changhai Wang or Yongxiang Guan.

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Zheng, Q., Liu, J., Liu, R. et al. Temporal and spatial distributions of sodium and polyamines regulated by brassinosteroids in enhancing tomato salt resistance. Plant Soil 400, 147–164 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-015-2712-1

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