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Study of structural, surface morphology, Raman spectroscopy, and electrochemical properties of Bi1+xFeO3 nanoparticles for usage in supercapacitors

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Abstract

This article reports the synthesis of Bi1+xFeO3 (with x = 0, 0.05, 0.10) nanoparticles and their characterizing results for seeking the appropriate utility in making energy storage devices like supercapacitors. The BFO nanoparticles were synthesized via the sol–gel route and characterized by different techniques. The structural analysis was carried out by XRD along with Rietveld refinement, which gives information about the particle size, micro-strain and rhombohedral picture with the R3c space group. This study has confirmed that the BFO5 in single phase is the most optimized phase with the most stoichiometry as compared to pure BFO and BFO10. For surface morphology, FESEM along with EDAX technique was used. The Raman spectrometer with a 532 nm laser was used to study the vibrational modes available in the samples. To understand the super-capacitive behaviour of the synthesized samples, a detailed electrochemical analysis was performed with the help of cyclic-voltammetry. According to the recording of cyclic-voltammetry data for the samples BFO, BFO5, and BFO10 with the scan frequencies 10, 20, 50, and 100 mV/s, it was found that the BFO5 (i.e. Bi1+xFeO3 with x = 0.05) electrode has displayed the highest capacitive reaction in comparison to the pure BFO and BFO10 electrodes. In addition, the BFO5 has shown the highest specific capacitance. The impedance analysis was also performed to study the grain properties of the samples via Nyquist plots considering the equivalent ac circuit, which confirmed that the BFO5 nanoparticles display the greatest grain resistance. Further, the justified Nyquist plots with the fitted data have confirmed the best performance of BFO5. According to the GCD (galvanostatic charge–discharge) study, the BFO5 electrode has demonstrated impressive cycle stability. As evaluated at 1Ag−1, the BFO5 electrode has demonstrated outstanding cyclic stability, with > 94% capacitance retention over 2000 cycles. Thus, in conclusion, all these characterization results suggest that the Bi1+xFeO3 with x = 0.05 is a very suitable composition for supercapacitors application.

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Acknowledgements

The DST, Govt. of India is acknowledged by the authors: P. A. Alvi, Garima Srivastava, and Ravina, for awarding the CURIE project to Banasthali Vidyapith, Rajasthan.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Physical Science, Banasthali Vidyapith, Banasthali, Rajasthan, 304022, India

    Garima Srivastava,  Ravina & P. A. Alvi

  2. Department of Physics, University of Petroleum and Energy Studies, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, 248007, India

    Shalendra Kumar

  3. Department of Chemistry, Banasthali Vidyapith, Banasthali, 304022, Rajasthan, India

    S. Z. Hashmi

  4. Department of Electrical Engineering, College of Engineering, Qassim University, Unaizah, Saudi Arabia

    A. M. Quraishi

  5. Department of Pure and Applied Physics, University of Kota, Kota, Rajasthan, 324005, India

    Saurabh Dalela

  6. Department of Physics, College of Science, King Faisal University, P.O. Box 400, 31982, Hofuf, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia

    Faheem Ahmed

  7. School of Materials Science and Engineering, Changwon National University, Changwon, 51140, Gyeongnam, Korea

    Kavita Kumari & B. H. Koo

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  1. Garima Srivastava
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Contributions

All authors contributed to the study conception and design. Data generation, collection and analysis were performed by [GS], [PAA], [SK], and [R]. The first draft of the manuscript was written by [GS], [PAA], [SZH], [FA], [KK], [BHK] and [AMQ] and all other authors commented on previous versions of the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

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Srivastava, G., Kumar, S., Hashmi, S.Z. et al. Study of structural, surface morphology, Raman spectroscopy, and electrochemical properties of Bi1+xFeO3 nanoparticles for usage in supercapacitors. Opt Quant Electron 55, 1235 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11082-023-05517-x

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