Abstract
The fiber laser has become an ideal ultrashort pulse source because of its cheap structure, high integration, convenient and controllable output direction, which greatly promotes the development and application of ultrafast optics. This paper mainly focuses on the control and amplification of double-hump solitons in fiber lasers theoretically. The bilinear forms and soliton solutions of the coupled Manakov equations are presented, and the transmission of double-hump solitons is discussed. The factors affecting the stable transmission of double-hump solitons are analyzed. The relevant conclusions have important guiding significance for understanding the generation of stable double-hump solitons in fiber lasers.
Similar content being viewed by others
Availability of data and material
The authors declare that all data generated or analyzed during this study are included in this article.
References
Agrawal, G.P.: Nonlinear Fiber Optics, 6th edn. Academic, Pittsburgh (2019)
Wazwaz, A.M.: Two new Painleve integrable KdV-Calogero-Bogoyavlenskii-Schiff (KdV-CBS) equation and new negative-order KdV-CBS equation. Nonlinear Dyn. 104(4), 4311–4315 (2021)
Wang, L.L., Luan, Z.T., Zhou, Q., Biswas, A., Alzahrani, A.K., Liu, W.J.: Effects of dispersion terms on optical soliton propagation in a lossy fiber system. Nonlinear Dyn. 104(1), 629–637 (2021)
Yu, W.T., Zhang, H.X., Zhou, Q., Biswas, A., Alzahrani, A.K., Liu, W.J.: The mixed interaction of localized, breather, exploding and solitary wave for the \((3+1)\)-dimensional Kadomtsev–Petviashvili equation in fluid dynamics. Nonlinear Dyn. 100(2), 1611–1619 (2020)
Chen, Z.M., Zeng, J.H.: Two-dimensional optical gap solitons and vortices in a coherent atomic ensemble loaded on optical lattices. Commun. Nonlinear Sci. Numer. Simul. 102, 105911 (2021)
Gnauck, A.H., Winzer, P.J.: Optical phase-shift-keyed transmission. J. Lightwave Technol. 23(1), 115–130 (2005)
Kippenberg, T.J., Gaeta, A.L., Lipson, M., Gorodetsky, M.L.: Dissipative Kerr solitons in optical microresonators. Science 361, 6402 (2018)
Turitsyn, S.K., Bale, B.G., Fedoruk, M.P.: Dispersion-managed solitons in fibre systems and lasers. Phys. Rep. 521(4), 135–203 (2012)
Becker, C., Stellmer, S., Soltan-Panahi, P., Dorscher, S., Baumert, M., Richter, E.M., Kronjager, J., Bongs, K., Sengstock, K.: Oscillations and interactions of dark and dark-bright solitons in Bose–Einstein condensates. Nat. Phys. 4(6), 496–501 (2008)
Marin-Palomo, P., Kemal, J.N., Karpov, M., Kordts, A., Pfeifle, J., Pfeiffer, M.H., Trocha, P., Wolf, S., Brasch, V., Anderson, M.H., Rosenberger, R., Vijayan, K., Freude, W., Kippenberg, T.J., Koos, C.: Microresonator-based solitons for massively parallel coherent optical communications. Nature 546(7657), 274–279 (2017)
Temprana, E., Myslivets, E., Kuo, B.P., Liu, L., Ataie, V., Alic, N., Radic, S.: Overcoming Kerr-induced capacity limit in optical fiber transmission. Science 348(6242), 1445–1448 (2015)
Li, B.J., Ozdemir, S.K., Xu, X.W., Zhang, L., Kuang, L.M., Jing, H.: Nonreciprocal optical solitons in a spinning Kerr resonator. Phys. Rev. A 103(5), 053522 (2021)
Huang, J.Y., Li, Q., Jian, Z.Y., Wai, P.A., Nakkeeran, K.: Combination and compression of multiple pulses with same or different wavelengths. J. Lightwave Technol. 38(24), 6932–6938 (2020)
Liu, W., Yang, C., Liu, M., Yu, W., Zhang, Y., Lei, M.: Effect of high-order dispersion on three-soliton interactions for the variable-coefficients Hirota equation. Phys. Rev. E 96(4), 042201 (2017)
Wang, Y.R., Hou, S.D., Yu, Y., Liu, W.J., Yan, P.G., Yang, J.B.: Photonic device combined optical microfiber coupler with saturable-absorption materials and its application in mode-locked fiber laser. Opt. Express 29(13), 20526–20534 (2021)
Yan, Y.Y., Liu, W.J.: Soliton rectangular pulses and bound states in a dissipative system modeled by the variable-coefficients complex cubic-quintic Ginzburg-Landau equation. Chin. Phys. Lett. 38(9), 094201 (2021)
Liu, W.J., Liu, M.L., Lin, S., Liu, J.C., Lei, M., Wu, H., Dai, C.Q., Wei, Z.Y.: Synthesis of high quality silver nanowires and their applications in ultrafast photonics. Opt. Express 27(12), 16440–16448 (2019)
Wang, L.L., Liu, W.J.: Stable soliton propagation in a coupled \((2+1)\) dimensional Ginzburg–Landau system. Chin. Phys. B 29(7), 070502 (2020)
Yu, W.T., Zhang, H.X., Wazwaz, A.M., Liu, W.J.: The collision dynamics between double-hump solitons in two mode optical fibers. Results Phys. 28, 104618 (2021)
Qin, Y.H., Zhao, L.C., Ling, L.M.: Nondegenerate bound-state solitons in multicomponent Bose–Einstein condensates. Phys. Rev. E 100, 022212 (2019)
Stalin, S., Ramakrishnan, R., Senthilvelan, M., Lakshmanan, M.: Nondegenerate solitons in Manakov system. Phys. Rev. Lett. 122, 043901 (2019)
Hirota, R.: Exact envelope-soliton solutions of a nonlinear wave equation. J. Math. Phys. 14(7), 805–809 (1973)
Acknowledgements
We acknowledge the financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant 11875009, 12075034, 11975001) and Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (grant 2019XD-A09-3).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Ethics declarations
Conflict of interest
The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest concerning the publication of this manuscript.
Ethical approval
The authors declare that they have adhered to the ethical standards of research execution.
Additional information
Publisher's Note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Ma, G., Zhou, Q., Yu, W. et al. Stable transmission characteristics of double-hump solitons for the coupled Manakov equations in fiber lasers. Nonlinear Dyn 106, 2509–2514 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11071-021-06919-w
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11071-021-06919-w