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Cognitive Neurorehabilitation of HIV-associated Neurocognitive Disorders: A Qualitative Review and Call to Action

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Abstract

Despite significant advances in the virologic management of HIV infection over the last two decades, effective treatments for HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND) remain elusive. While pharmacological interventions have yielded some success in improving neurocognitive outcomes in HIV, there is a dearth of rigorous studies examining the efficacy of cognitive rehabilitation for remediating HIV-associated neurocognitive impairment. This qualitative review summarizes and critiques the emerging literature on cognitive and behavioral treatments for HAND, which provides many reasons for optimism, but also has major limitations that underscore the scope of the work that lies ahead. Considering the notable real-world consequences of HAND, the development, validation, and clinical deployment of cognitive neurorehabilitation interventions tailored to the needs of persons living with HIV infection is a priority for clinical neuroAIDS investigators. In describing potential future directions for this endeavor, particular attention was paid to the application of cognitive neuropsychological principles in developing theory-driven approaches to managing HAND, improving everyday functioning, and enhancing HIV health outcomes.

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Acknowledgments

The authors report no conflicts of interest. This research was supported by National Institutes of Health grants F31-DA034510, T32-DA031098, R01-MH073419, R01-DA034497, P50-DA026306, and P30-MH62512. The views expressed in this article are those of the authors and do not reflect the official policy or position of the Department of the Navy, Department of Defense, nor the United States Government.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Joint Doctoral Program in Clinical Psychology, San Diego State University and University of California, San Diego, CA, USA

    Erica Weber & Kaitlin Blackstone

  2. Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA

    Erica Weber, Kaitlin Blackstone & Steven Paul Woods

  3. Department of Psychiatry (8231), HIV Neurobehavioral Research Program, University of California, San Diego, 220 Dickinson St., Suite B, San Diego, CA, 92103, USA

    Steven Paul Woods

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  1. Erica Weber
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  2. Kaitlin Blackstone
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Correspondence to Steven Paul Woods.

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Weber, E., Blackstone, K. & Woods, S.P. Cognitive Neurorehabilitation of HIV-associated Neurocognitive Disorders: A Qualitative Review and Call to Action. Neuropsychol Rev 23, 81–98 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11065-013-9225-6

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