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Introgression of homeologous quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for resistance to the root-knot nematode [Meloidogyne arenaria (Neal) Chitwood] in an advanced backcross-QTL population of peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.)

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Abstract

Resistance to root-knot nematodes [Meloidogyne arenaria (Neal) Chitwood] is needed for cultivation of peanut in major peanut-growing areas, but significant resistance is lacking in the cultivated species (Arachis hypogaea L.). Markers to two closely-linked genes introgressed from wild relatives of peanut have been identified previously, but phenotypic evidence for the presence of additional genes in wild species and introgression lines has eluded quantitative trait locus (QTL) identification. Here, to improve sensitivity to small-effect QTLs, an advanced backcross population from a cross between a Florunner component line and the synthetic amphidiploid TxAG-6 [Arachis batizocoi × (A. cardenasii × A. diogoi)]4× was screened for response to root-knot nematode infection. Composite interval mapping results suggested a total of seven QTLs plus three putative QTLs. These included the known major resistance gene plus a second QTL on LG1, and a potentially homeologous B-genome QTL on LG11. Additional potential homeologs were identified on linkage group (LG) 8 and LG18, plus a QTL on LG9.2 and putative QTLs on LG9.1 and 19. A QTL on LG15 had no inferred resistance-associated homeolog. Contrary to expectation, two introgressed QTLs were associated with susceptibility, and QTLs at some homeologous loci were found to confer opposite phenotypic responses. Long-term functional conservation accompanied by rapid generation of functionally divergent alleles may be a singular feature of NBS-LRR resistance gene clusters, contributing to the richness of resistance alleles available in wild relatives of crops. The significance for peanut evolution and breeding is discussed.

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Acknowledgments

Aspects of this work were supported funds from the Texas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Enhancement Project, Granted to J.L.S., C.E.S., and A.H.P.; by United States Department of Agriculture (USDA)—National Research Initiative Competitive Grants Program (NRICGP) Grants 95-37302-2150 to J.L.S., M.D.B., A.H.P., and C.E.S.; by USDA-NRICGP grant 97-35300-4584 to C.E.S., A.H.P., and J.L.S.; by USDA-NRICGP Grant 98-35302-6879 to J.L.S., C.E.S., A.H.P., and M.D.B.; by the Texas Advanced Technology Program Grant 999902-094 to C.E.S., J.L.S., A.H.P., and M.D.B., and by GoldKist, Inc. to A.H.P.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Texas A&M AgriLife Research, 1102 East FM 1294, Lubbock, TX, 79403, USA

    Mark D. Burow

  2. Plant Genome Mapping Laboratory, University of Georgia, 111 Riverbend Road Rm. 228, Athens, GA, 30602, USA

    Mark D. Burow & Andrew H. Paterson

  3. Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA

    James L. Starr

  4. National Institute of Crop Science, RDA, 209 Seodun-Dong, Suwon, 441-857, Republic of Korea

    Chang-Hwan Park

  5. Texas A&M AgriLife Research, 1229 North US Hwy 281, Stephenville, TX, 76401, USA

    Charles E. Simpson

  6. Department of Soil and Crop Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA

    Andrew H. Paterson

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  1. Mark D. Burow
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  2. James L. Starr
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  3. Chang-Hwan Park
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  4. Charles E. Simpson
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Correspondence to Mark D. Burow.

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Supplementary material 1 (XLS 19 kb)

Supplementary material 2 (XLS 187 kb)

11032_2014_42_MOESM3_ESM.ppt

Supplementary Figure 1. Galling and damage to roots (A) and pods (B) of peanut, caused by Meloidogyne arenaria. (PPT 172 kb)

Supplementary Figure 2. QTL Cartographer chromosome scans for QTLs using LogEggs data and CIM analysis. (PPT 93 kb)

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Burow, M.D., Starr, J.L., Park, CH. et al. Introgression of homeologous quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for resistance to the root-knot nematode [Meloidogyne arenaria (Neal) Chitwood] in an advanced backcross-QTL population of peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.). Mol Breeding 34, 393–406 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11032-014-0042-2

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11032-014-0042-2

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