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Efficiency of selective genotyping for genetic analysis of complex traits and potential applications in crop improvement

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Abstract

Selective genotyping of individuals from the two tails of the phenotypic distribution of a population provides a cost efficient alternative to analysis of the entire population for genetic mapping. Past applications of this approach have been confounded by the small size of entire and tail populations, and insufficient marker density, which result in a high probability of false positives in the detection of quantitative trait loci (QTL). We studied the effect of these factors on the power of QTL detection by simulation of mapping experiments using population sizes of up to 3,000 individuals and tail population sizes of various proportions, and marker densities up to one marker per centiMorgan using complex genetic models including QTL linkage and epistasis. The results indicate that QTL mapping based on selective genotyping is more powerful than simple interval mapping but less powerful than inclusive composite interval mapping. Selective genotyping can be used, along with pooled DNA analysis, to replace genotyping the entire population, for mapping QTL with relatively small effects, as well as linked and interacting QTL. Using diverse germplasm including all available genetics and breeding materials, it is theoretically possible to develop an “all-in-one plate” approach where one 384-well plate could be designed to map almost all agronomic traits of importance in a crop species. Selective genotyping can also be used for genomewide association mapping where it can be integrated with selective phenotyping approaches. We also propose a breeding-to-genetics approach, which starts with identification of extreme phenotypes from segregating populations generated from multiple parental lines and is followed by rapid discovery of individual genes and combinations of gene effects together with simultaneous manipulation in breeding programs.

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Acknowledgments

This work was supported by the National 863 Program of China (No. 2006AA10Z1B1). Genomics and molecular breeding research at CIMMYT has been supported by the Rockefeller Foundation, Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, European Community, Generation Challenge Program and HarvestPlus Challenge Program, and through other attributed or unrestricted funds provided by the members of the CGIAR and national governments of USA, Japan and UK. ICIM was implemented by the QTL mapping software package called QTL IciMapping, available from http://www.isbreeding.net.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Crop Science, The National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 100081, Beijing, China

    Yanping Sun & Jiankang Wang

  2. Crop Research Informatics Lab., CIMMYT China, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 100081, Beijing, China

    Yanping Sun & Jiankang Wang

  3. International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), Apdo. Postal 6-641, 06600, Mexico, DF, Mexico

    Jonathan H. Crouch & Yunbi Xu

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  1. Yanping Sun
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  2. Jiankang Wang
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  4. Yunbi Xu
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Correspondence to Yunbi Xu.

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Sun, Y., Wang, J., Crouch, J.H. et al. Efficiency of selective genotyping for genetic analysis of complex traits and potential applications in crop improvement. Mol Breeding 26, 493–511 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11032-010-9390-8

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