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Thermophysical properties and stability of carbon nanostructures and metallic oxides nanofluids

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Abstract

A pioneer idea for increasing the thermal performance of heat transfer fluids was the use of ultrafine solid particles suspension in the basefluid. Nanofluids, synthesized by mixing solid nanometre-sized particles at low concentrations with the basefluid, were used as a new heat transfer fluid which developed a remarkable effect on the thermophysical properties and heat transfer coefficient. For any nanofluid to be usable in heat transfer applications, the main concern is its long-term stability. In this investigation, pentaethylene glycol-treated graphene nanoplatelets (PEG-GnP), pentaethylene glycol-thermally treated graphene (PEG-TGr), Al2O3 and SiO2 were synthesized. The thermophysical properties of PEG-GnP, PEG-TGr, Al2O3 and SiO2 were measured experimentally by using different devices and equipment. Dispersion stabilities of carbon-based nanofluids and metallic oxides nanofluids were observed for 30 days, and the results showed the higher dispersibility of the nanofluids in an aqueous media with very low sedimentation. Thermal conductivity, viscosity and density were increased, while specific heat decreased as mass concentration increased. The temperature effect on the nanofluids was directly proportional to their thermal conductivity and inversely to the viscosity, density and specific heat.

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Abbreviations

Al2O3 :

Aluminium oxide

AlCl3 :

Aluminium chloride

CNT:

Carbon nanotubes

Cp:

Specific heat capacity, J kg−1 K−1

CuO:

Copper oxide

DI:

Deionized water

DMF:

Dimethylformamide

DSC:

Differential scanning calorimetry

EG:

Ethylene glycol

Fe3O4 :

Iron oxide

GnP:

Graphene nanoplatelets

HCl:

Hydrochloric acid

PEG:

Pentaethylene glycol

SiO2 :

Silicon dioxide

TGr:

Thermally treated graphene

THF:

Tetrahydrofuran

TiO2 :

Titanium dioxide

UV–Vis:

Ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy

ZnO:

Zinc oxide

ρ:

Density, Kg m−3

k:

Thermal conductivity, W m−1 K−1

µ:

Dynamic viscosity, mPa s

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Thermofluids, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM), 81310, Skudai, Johor Bahru, Malaysia

    Omer A. Alawi & Nor Azwadi Che Sidik

  2. Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

    A. R. Mallah & S. N. Kazi

  3. Department of Mechanical Precision Engineering, Malaysia-Japan International Institute of Technology (MJIIT), University Teknologi Malaysia Kuala Lumpur, Jalan Sultan Yahya Petra (Jalan Semarak), 54100, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

    Nor Azwadi Che Sidik

  4. Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran

    G. Najafi

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  1. Omer A. Alawi
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  2. A. R. Mallah
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Correspondence to Omer A. Alawi or Nor Azwadi Che Sidik.

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Alawi, O.A., Mallah, A.R., Kazi, S.N. et al. Thermophysical properties and stability of carbon nanostructures and metallic oxides nanofluids. J Therm Anal Calorim 135, 1545–1562 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10973-018-7713-x

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10973-018-7713-x

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