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Disordered carbon nanofibers/LiCoPO4 composites as cathode materials for lithium ion batteries

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Abstract

LiCoPO4-coated disordered carbon nanofibers (CNFs/LiCoPO4) were obtained by a sol–gel method, using triethyl phosphite or triethyl phosphate as the phosphorous source. The crystal structure of the products was analyzed by X-ray powder diffraction, while morphology was studied using scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, Auger electron spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Optimal synthesis conditions for the CNFs/LiCoPO4 in light of the best electrochemical performance are discussed. The best discharge capacity 105 mAh/g (or ca. 63% of the theoretical capacity) shows the material with 40% CNFs/LiCoPO4 and addition coating by carbon black. This composition has a best purity of active materials and point coverage of CNFs. The X-ray photoelectron C1s spectra of the CNFs surface without and with sputter erosion show enhancement of C–O bonds at the fiber surface, which does not influence significantly electrochemical behavior of the composite materials.

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Acknowledgment

This work was supported by the DFG (EH183/3) within SPP1181. The authors are thankful to Sabine Foro (Institute for Materials Science, Darmstadt University of Technology, Petersenstr. 23, 64287 Darmstadt, Germany) for chemical analysis of the composites and Kenichi Tsutsumi from JEOL company, Japan for the AES investigations. This work has considerably benefited from financial support from the Bundesministerium für Bildung und Foschung (BMBF) within the program “Elektrochemie für Elektromobilität”, grant no. 03KP801.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute for Complex Materials, IFW Dresden, Helmholtzstr. 20, 01069, Dresden, Germany

    Angelina Sarapulova, Daria Mikhailova, Steffen Oswald & Helmut Ehrenberg

  2. Institute for Materials Science, Darmstadt University of Technology, Petersenstr. 23, 64287, Darmstadt, Germany

    Daria Mikhailova, Ljubomira Ana Schmitt, Natalia Bramnik & Helmut Ehrenberg

  3. Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Institute for Applied Materials (IAM), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany

    Helmut Ehrenberg

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  1. Angelina Sarapulova
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  2. Daria Mikhailova
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  3. Ljubomira Ana Schmitt
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  4. Steffen Oswald
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  5. Natalia Bramnik
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  6. Helmut Ehrenberg
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Correspondence to Angelina Sarapulova.

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Sarapulova, A., Mikhailova, D., Schmitt, L.A. et al. Disordered carbon nanofibers/LiCoPO4 composites as cathode materials for lithium ion batteries. J Sol-Gel Sci Technol 62, 98–110 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10971-012-2691-0

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10971-012-2691-0

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