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Effect of Zn Substitution on Structural, Magnetic, and Electric Properties of Ni 1−x Zn x Fe 1.78Al 0.2Gd 0.02 O 4 Nanoparticles

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Abstract

Nanostructured Ni 1−x Zn xFe 1.78Al 0.2Gd 0.02 O 4 (x = 0.0, 0.1, 0.3, and 0.5) ferrites have been prepared by citrate precursor method. The samples were characterized by several techniques including X-ray diffraction, FTIR spectroscopy, and magnetic and DC and AC electrical measurements. Rietveld analysis revealed crystallite size ranging from 5.8 to 6.7 nm for all samples with an increase in the lattice parameter upon increasing Zn content. With Zn substitution, the saturation magnetization M S first increases for x = 0.1 then decreases for x ≥ 0.2 indicating variation of cation occupancies upon Zn doping. That behavior of magnetization obeys the Yafet–Kittel (Y–K) model, and canting angles 𝜃 Y−K were obtained for all samples. For the formed spinel structure, zinc substitution was found to induce a significant change in the cation distribution being proposed on the basis of the magnetization data and the lattice parameter obtained from the Rietveld analysis, and then confirmed by using theoretically calculated lattice parameter. DC electrical resistivity increases with the Zn content, and for whole samples, it increases with temperature then decreases, exhibiting two different behaviors. Variation of activation energy of electrical conduction was deduced from DC measurements. The effect of Zn content on dielectric properties was fully characterized from the AC measurements.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Physics Department, Taibah University, Medina, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

    Mohamed Bakr Mohamed

  2. Faculty of Science, Physics Department, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt

    Mohamed Bakr Mohamed & Zein K. Heiba

  3. Department of Engineering Physics and Mathematics, Faculty of Engineering, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt

    Adel Maher Wahba

  4. Faculty of Science, Physics Department, Taif University, Al-Haweiah, Taif, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

    Zein K. Heiba

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  1. Mohamed Bakr Mohamed
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  3. Zein K. Heiba
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Correspondence to Mohamed Bakr Mohamed.

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Mohamed, M.B., Wahba, A.M. & Heiba, Z.K. Effect of Zn Substitution on Structural, Magnetic, and Electric Properties of Ni 1−x Zn x Fe 1.78Al 0.2Gd 0.02 O 4 Nanoparticles. J Supercond Nov Magn 28, 3675–3683 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10948-015-3208-1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10948-015-3208-1

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