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Non-Coding RNAs as Regulators of Mammary Development and Breast Cancer

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Journal of Mammary Gland Biology and Neoplasia Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Over the past decade, non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) have become a new paradigm of gene regulation. ncRNAs are classified into two major groups based on their size: long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and small non-coding RNAs (including microRNAs, piRNAs, snoRNAs, and endogenous siRNAs). Here we review the recently emerging role of ncRNAs in mammary development, tumorigenesis, and metastasis, with the focus being on microRNAs (miRNAs) and lncRNAs. These findings shed new light on normal development and malignant progression, and suggest the potential for using ncRNAs as new biomarkers of breast cancer and targets for treatment.

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Abbreviations

AIR:

Antisense to IGF2R

BC200:

Brain cytoplasmic RNA 200 nt

COX-2:

Cyclooxygenase-2

EMT:

Epithelial-mesenchymal transition

ER:

Estrogen receptor

GAS5:

Growth arrest-specific 5

GEMM:

Genetically engineered mouse model

GHR:

Growth hormone receptor

GR:

Glucocorticoid receptor

GRE:

Glucocorticoid response element

HER2:

Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2

HMGA2:

High-mobility group AT-hook 2

HOTAIR:

Hox antisense intergenic RNA

IRAK1:

Interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase 1

lncRNA:

Long non-coding RNA

LSD1:

Lysergic acid diethylamide 1

MALAT1:

Metastasis associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1

MET:

Mesenchymal-epithelial transition

miRNA:

microRNA

MMP-9:

Matrix metalloproteinase-9

ncRNA:

Non-coding RNA

NFκB:

Nuclear factor κB

NSCLC:

Non-small cell lung cancer

PDCD4:

Programmed cell death 4

piRNA:

Piwi-interacting RNA

PLR-R:

Prolactin receptor

PR:

Progesterone receptor

PRC2:

Polycomb repressive complex 2

PTEN:

Phosphatase and tensin homolog on chromosome 10

siRNA:

Small-interfering RNA

snoRNA:

Small nucleolar RNA

SOCS1:

Suppressor of cytokine signaling 1

TGF-β:

Transforming growth factor β

TPM1:

Tropomyosin 1

TRAF6:

TNF receptor associated factor 6

TRAIL:

Tumor necrosis factor–related apoptosis-inducing ligand

TRPS1:

Trichorhinophalangeal syndrome type 1

VEGF:

Vascular endothelial growth factor

XIST:

X-inactive-specific transcript

ZEB1:

Zinc finger E-box binding homeobox 1

ZEB2:

Zinc finger E-box binding homeobox 2

Zfas1:

Antisense to the 5′ end of the protein-coding gene Znfx1

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Acknowledgements

The ncRNA research in the Ma Lab is supported by an NIH Pathway to Independence (K99/R00) Award CA138572, a CPRIT First-Time, Tenure-Track Faculty Award R1004, a University of Texas STARS Award, and a Faculty Development Award from MD Anderson’s Cancer Center Support Grant CA016672 from NIH.

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  1. Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA

    Hai-long Piao & Li Ma

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Piao, Hl., Ma, L. Non-Coding RNAs as Regulators of Mammary Development and Breast Cancer. J Mammary Gland Biol Neoplasia 17, 33–42 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10911-012-9245-5

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10911-012-9245-5

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