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Spectrophotometrically, Spectroscopically, Microscopically and Thermogravimetrically Optimized TiO2 and ZnO Nanoparticles and their Bactericidal, Antioxidant and Cytotoxic Potential: A Novel Comparative Approach

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Abstract

Current study was aimed to determine the antibacterial, antioxidant and cytotoxic potential of Titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2NPs) and Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnONPs). Nanoparticles were characterized by UV–Vis spectrophotometry, particle size analyzer (PSA), fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was determined by standard agar dilution method. Antibacterial potential of nanoparticles was analyzed by standard disc diffusion method against bacterial strains including Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Klebsiella pneumonia. Different concentrations of NPs (0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8, 1.0, 1.2 and 1.4 mg/mL) were incorporated to evaluate the antimicrobial activity. Antioxidant activity and cytotoxicity of these NPs was analyzed by DPPH method and brine shrimp cytotoxicity assay, respectively. The MIC of TiO2NPs against E. coli, P. aeruginosa and K. pneumoniae was 0.04, 0.08 and 0.07 mg/mL respectively while the MIC of ZnONPs against the above strains was 0.01, 0.015 and 0.01 mg/mL. The maximum zone of inhibition was observed for K. pneumoniae i.e., 20mm and 25mm against TiO2 and ZnO NPs respectively, at 1.4 mg/mL concentration of NPs. The susceptibility of NPs against bacterial strains was evaluated in the following order: K. pneumoniae > P. aeruginosa > E. coli. The antioxidant activity of nanoparticles increased by increasing the concentration of NPs while cytotoxic analysis exhibited non-toxic effect of ZnO NPs while TiO2 had toxic effects on 1.2 and 1.4 mg/mL concentrations. Results revealed that ZnO NPs have more antibacterial and negligible cytotoxic potential in contrast to TiO2 NPs.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Zoology, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore, Pakistan

    Hunaiza Tahir & Farzana Rashid

  2. Department of Zoology, Government College University Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan

    Shaukat Ali, Muhammad Summer & Rimsha Abaidullah

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  1. Hunaiza Tahir
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  2. Farzana Rashid
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  3. Shaukat Ali
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  4. Muhammad Summer
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Contributions

Hunaiza Tahir performed the experiment and wrote the manuscript. Farzana Rashid supervised the experiment and edited the manuscript. Shaukat Ali edited the manuscript and evaluated the manuscript. Muhammad Summer edited the manuscript and did the characterization analysis. Rimsha Abaidulah assisted in writeup and reference management.

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Correspondence to Shaukat Ali.

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Research Highlights

• 1st Comparative study of TiO2NPs and ZnONPs regarding their bactericidal, antioxidative and cytotoxic potential as shown in Fig. 1.

• Complete characterization of smaller (18 nm) TiO2NPs and ZnONPs using, SEM, FTIR, UV–Vis and PSA.

• Study of thermal behavior of both TiO2NPs and ZnONPs for their working efficiency at variable temperatures.

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Tahir, H., Rashid, F., Ali, S. et al. Spectrophotometrically, Spectroscopically, Microscopically and Thermogravimetrically Optimized TiO2 and ZnO Nanoparticles and their Bactericidal, Antioxidant and Cytotoxic Potential: A Novel Comparative Approach. J Fluoresc (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10895-023-03367-0

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