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Differential Responses of Wheat Inhibitor-like Genes to Hessian Fly, Mayetiola destructor, Attacks During Compatible and Incompatible Interactions

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Abstract

Four groups of inhibitor-like genes that encode proteins with diverse structures were identified from wheat. The majority of these genes were upregulated by avirulent Hessian fly, Mayetiola destructor (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae), larvae during incompatible interactions, and were downregulated by virulent larvae during compatible interactions. The upregulation during incompatible interactions and downregulation during compatible interactions resulted in four- to 30-fold differences between the expression levels in resistant plants and those in susceptible plants. The increased expression of inhibitor-like genes during incompatible interactions suggested that these genes are part of defense mechanisms in wheat against Hessian fly attacks, whereas the downregulation during compatible interactions suggested that virulent larvae can suppress plant defenses. Both the upregulation of the inhibitor-like genes during incompatible interactions by avirulent larvae and the downregulation during compatible interactions by virulent larvae were through mechanisms that were independent of the wound response pathway.

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Acknowledgments

This work was supported by grants USDA-04-35607-14861, and USDA-2005-35302-16254. This paper is contribution No. 08-194-J from the Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station. Voucher specimens of M. destructor are located in the KSU Museum at Manhattan, Kansas. The authors thank Drs. John Fellers and Guihua Bai for reviewing an earlier version of the manuscript. Mention of commercial or proprietary product does not constitute endorsement by USDA.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Entomology, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China

    Junxiang Wu & Shize Zhang

  2. Department of Entomology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, USA

    Xuming Liu, R. Jeffrey Whitworth & Ming-Shun Chen

  3. USDA-ARS-JWDSRC, 141 Exp Stn Rd, Stoneville, MS, 38776, USA

    Yu-Cheng Zhu

  4. USDA-ARS Plant Science and Entomology Research Unit, 4008 Throckmorton Hall, 1515 College Avenue, Manhattan, KS, 66506, USA

    Ming-Shun Chen

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  1. Junxiang Wu
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  2. Xuming Liu
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Correspondence to Ming-Shun Chen.

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Wu, J., Liu, X., Zhang, S. et al. Differential Responses of Wheat Inhibitor-like Genes to Hessian Fly, Mayetiola destructor, Attacks During Compatible and Incompatible Interactions. J Chem Ecol 34, 1005–1012 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10886-008-9506-3

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