Abstract
In this work, cocoa bean extract (CBE) was used to synthesize silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) under ambient conditions. The fairly polydispersed spherical CBE-AgNPs had size range of 8.96–54.22 nm with λmax occurring at 438.5 nm. The prominent peaks at 3275.13 and 1635.54 cm−1 from FTIR data laid credence to the involvement of phenolics and proteins in the biofabrication and stabilization of CBE-AgNPs. Energy dispersive X-ray and selected area electron diffraction studies showed the conspicuous presence of silver in colloidal solution with distinctive crystalline face-centered cubic phase of AgNPs. CBE-AgNPs showed appreciable activities against multi-drug resistant bacteria, producing zones of inhibition of 10–14 mm, and also enhanced activities of ampicillin, cefuroxime, cefixime and erythromycin by 42.9–100 % in synergistic studies. It produced pronounced antimicrobial activities against several bacteria and fungi, when incorporated into emulsion paint. Furthermore CBE-AgNPs showed good larvicidal activities against Anopheles gambiae mosquito larvae with LC50 of 44.37 µg/ml, while it also prevented the coagulation of human blood. This study established synthesis of AgNPs using CBE as a viable green route approach, with remarkable antimicrobial, larvicidal and anticoagulant activities. As far as we know, this is the first report of the use of CBE to synthesize AgNPs.
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Acknowledgments
AL thanked the authority of LAUTECH, Ogbomoso, Nigeria for the provision of some of the facilities used in this study. MAA gratefully thanked DBT-TWAS for Postdoctoral opportunity and visit to the Department of Chemistry, University of Pune, India (Sept, 2013–Aug, 2014).
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Musibau A. Azeez, Agbaje Lateef, Tesleem B. Asafa, Taofeek A. Yekeen, Akeem Akinboro, Iyabo C. Oladipo: Nanotechnology Research Group (NANO+).
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Azeez, M.A., Lateef, A., Asafa, T.B. et al. Biomedical Applications of Cocoa Bean Extract-Mediated Silver Nanoparticles as Antimicrobial, Larvicidal and Anticoagulant Agents. J Clust Sci 28, 149–164 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10876-016-1055-2
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10876-016-1055-2