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Adhesion, spreading and osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells cultured on micropatterned amorphous diamond, titanium, tantalum and chromium coatings on silicon

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Abstract

It was hypothesized that human mesenchymal stromal cell (hMSC) can be guided by patterned and plain amorphous diamond (AD), titanium (Ti), tantalum (Ta) and chromium (Cr) coatings, produced on silicon wafer using physical vapour deposition and photolithography. At 7.5 h hMSCs density was 3.0–3.5× higher (P < 0.0003, except Ti) and cells were smaller (68 vs. 102 μm, P 0.000006–0.02) on patterns than on silicon background. HMSC-covered surface of the background silicon was lower on Ti than AD patterns (P = 0.015), but at 5 days this had reversed (P = 0.006). At 7.5 h focal vinculin adhesions and actin cytoskeleton were outgoing from pattern edges so cells assumed geometric square shapes. Patterns allowed induced osteogenesis, but less effectively than plain surfaces, except for AD, which could be used to avoid osseointegration. All these biomaterial patterns exert direct early, intermediate and late guidance on hMSCs and osteogenic differentiation, but indirect interactions exist with cells on silicon background.

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Acknowledgements

The work was supported by Finska Läkaresällskapet, the National Graduate School of Musculoskeletal Diseases and Biomaterials, NMT ERA Net project “A new generation of titanium biomaterials”, MATERA “Bioactive nanocomposite constructs for regeneration of articular cartilage”, ESF “Regenerative Medicine”, TEKES “Nanorobotics for medical diagnostics and therapy”, EVO grants and Sigrid Jusélius Foundation. The authors acknowledge the staff of the Microsensor Laboratory of Applied Sciences for assistance with the microfabrication processes and AFM imaging. We thank Electron Microscopy Unit of the Institute of Biotechnology-University of Helsinki for providing laboratory facilities and VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland for sterilizing samples.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Physics, University of Kuopio, Yliopistonranta 1 F, 70210, Kuopio, Finland

    Sami Myllymaa, Katja Myllymaa, Hannu Korhonen & Reijo Lappalainen

  2. Department of Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Haartmaninkatu 8, 00029, Helsinki, Finland

    Emilia Kaivosoja & Yrjö T. Konttinen

  3. Microsensor Laboratory, School of Engineering and Technology, Savonia University of Applied Sciences, Microkatu 1C, 70201, Kuopio, Finland

    Katja Myllymaa

  4. Department of Anatomy, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Helsinki, Haartmaninkatu 8, 00014, Helsinki, Finland

    Tarvo Sillat

  5. ORTON Orthopaedic Hospital of the Invalid Foundation, Tenholantie 10, 00280, Helsinki, Finland

    Yrjö T. Konttinen

  6. COXA Hospital for Joint Replacement, Biokatu 6b, 33520, Tampere, Finland

    Yrjö T. Konttinen

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  1. Sami Myllymaa
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Correspondence to Reijo Lappalainen.

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S. Myllymaa and E. Kaivosoja contributed equally to this work.

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Myllymaa, S., Kaivosoja, E., Myllymaa, K. et al. Adhesion, spreading and osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells cultured on micropatterned amorphous diamond, titanium, tantalum and chromium coatings on silicon. J Mater Sci: Mater Med 21, 329–341 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10856-009-3836-8

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10856-009-3836-8

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