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Physical and cytocompatibility properties of bioactive glass–polyvinyl alcohol–sodium alginate biocomposite foams prepared via sol–gel processing for trabecular bone regeneration

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Abstract

In the present work, biocomposite foams of bioactive glass along with polyvinyl alcohol and sodium alginate are designed and developed as a potential biomaterial for bone regeneration. These biocomposite foams have a low density of 0.92 g/cm3, providing desired property for bone tissue engineering applications. Biocomposite foams were prepared via surfactant foaming. Scanning electron microscopic characterization revealed pore size of 200–500 μm of the biocomposite foams. When these materials were incubated in simulated body fluid, hydroxyapatite layer formation was observed on the material surface. To confirm the cell viability and proliferation on these materials, MTT [3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide] assay was performed with NIH 3T3 fibroblast cells and the results revealed good biocompatibility with the biocomposite foams. Cell adhesion studies further confirmed the biocompatibility of the scaffolds via cell attachment and ECM production. The optimally synthesized biocomposite foams had a good combination of physical properties with compressive strength of 1.64 MPa and elastic modulus of 18 MPa. In view of the favorable combination of physical and biological properties, the newly developed materials are considered to be suitable for regeneration of trabecular bone.

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Acknowledgements

The work was financially supported by the grants from Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur, India and Department of Biotechnology (DBT), Ministry of Science and Technology, Govt. of India. Ruchi Mishra gratefully acknowledges the fellowship received from Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, India for her Ph.D. program.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, 208016, India

    Ruchi Mishra & Ashok Kumar

  2. Department of Materials and Metallurgical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, 208016, India

    Bikramjit Basu

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  1. Ruchi Mishra
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  2. Bikramjit Basu
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Correspondence to Ashok Kumar.

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Mishra, R., Basu, B. & Kumar, A. Physical and cytocompatibility properties of bioactive glass–polyvinyl alcohol–sodium alginate biocomposite foams prepared via sol–gel processing for trabecular bone regeneration. J Mater Sci: Mater Med 20, 2493–2500 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10856-009-3814-1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10856-009-3814-1

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