Abstract
We report the synthesis of polycrystalline BiFeO3 compound by solid state route and its structural and magnetic properties were investigated. The structure confirmation and phase purity of the samples were investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) techniques. No signature of thermodynamically probable impurity phases was observed in these samples. The Rietveld refined structural parameters of the XRD pattern revealed rhombohedral (R3c) structure. Scanning Electron Microscopy images show samples with larger grain size. The Raman active modes predicted by the group theory confirmed the rhombohedral symmetry. The study of the oxidation states of Bi, Fe and O through XPS analysis indicated that the sample quality is not deteriorated by vacancies or other defects formation. The absence of iron based impurity phases is confirmed by the antiferromagnetic nature of the sample obtained by magnetization measurements.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
K.F. Wang, J.M. Liu, Z.F. Ren, Adv. Phys. 58, 321 (2009)
N. Izyumskaya, Ya. Alivov, H. Morkoc, Crit. Rev. Solid State Mater. Sci. 34, 89 (2009)
L.W. Martin, Y.H. Chu, R. Ramesh, Mater. Sci. Eng. R. 68, 89 (2010)
G. Catalan, J.F. Scott, Adv. Mater. 21, 2463 (2009)
L.W. Martin, Dalton Trans. 39, 10813 (2010)
M. Fiebig, J. Phys. D Appl. Phys. 38, R123 (2005)
T. Choi, S. Lee, Y.J. Choi, V. Kiryuklin, S.W. Cheong, Science 324, 63 (2009)
R. Palai, R.S. Katiyar, H. Schmid, P. Tissot, S.J. Clark, J. Robertson, S.A.T. Redfern, G. Catalan, J.F. Scott, Phys. Rev. B. 77, 014110 (2008)
J. Wang, J.B. Neaton, H. Zheng, V. Nagarajan, S.B. Ogale, B. Liu, D. Viehland, V. Vaithyanathan, D.G. Schlom, U.V. Waghmare, N.A. Spaldin, K.M. Rabe, M. Wuttig, R. Ramesh, Science 299, 1719 (2003)
H. Bea, M. Bibes, A. Barthelemy, K. Bouzehouane, E. Jacquet, A. Khodan, J.P. Contour, S. Fusil, F. Wyczisk, A. Forget, D. Lebeugle, D. Colson, M. Viret, Appl. Phys. Lett. 87, 072508 (2005)
R.R. Das, D.M. Kim, S.H. Baek, C.B. Eom, F. Zavaliche, S.Y. Yang, R. Ramesh, Y.B. Chen, X.Q. Pan, X. Ke, M.S. Rzchowski, S.K. Streiffer, Appl. Phys. Lett. 88, 242904 (2006)
T. Sun, H. Hu, Z. Pan, X. Li, J. Wang, V.P. Dravid, Phys. Rev. B. 77, 205414 (2008)
H.W. Jang, D. Ortiz, S.H. Baek, C.M. Folkman, R.R. Das, P. Shafer, Y. Chen, X. Pan, R. Ramesh, C.B. Eom, Adv. Mater. 21, 817 (2009)
J. Wu, J. Wang, J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 93, 2795 (2010)
V. Shelke, V.N. Harshan, S. Kotru, A. Gupta, J. Appl. Phys. 106, 104114 (2009)
D. Mazumdar, V. Shelke, M. Iliev, S. Jesse, A. Kumar, S.V. Kalinin, A.P. Baddrof, A. Gupta, Nano Lett. 10, 2555 (2010)
V. Shelke, D. Mazumdar, G. Srinivasan, A. Kumar, S. Jesse, S. Kalinin, A. Baddrof, A. Gupta, Adv. Mater. 23, 669 (2011)
V. Shelke, D. Majumdar, S. Jesse, S. Kalinin, A. Baddrof, A. Gupta, New J. Phys. 14, 053040 (2012)
S.M. Selbach, M. Einarsrud, T. Grande, Chem. Mater. 21, 169 (2009)
Y. Zhao, J. Miao, X. Zhang, Y. Chen, X.G. Xu, Y. Jiang, J. Mater. Sci. Mater. Electron. 23, 180 (2012)
Z. Chen, Y. Li, Y. Wu, J. Hu, J. Mater. Sci. Mater. Electron. 23, 1402 (2012)
S. Vijayanand, M.B. Mahajan, H.S. Potdar, P.A. Joy, Phys. Rev. B. 80, 064423 (2009)
G.D. Achenbach, W.J. James, R. Gerson, J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 50, 437 (1967)
P. Pandit, S. Satapathy, P.K. Gupta, V.G. Sathe, J. Appl. Phys. 106, 114105 (2009)
M.M. Kumar, V.R. Palkar, K. Srinivas, S.V. Suryanarayana, Appl. Phys. Lett. 76, 2764 (2000)
A. Palewicz, I. Sosnowska, R. Przenioslo, A.W. Hewat, Acta Phys. Pol. A 117, 296 (2010)
J. Chen, X. Xing, A. Watson, W. Wang, R. Yu, J. Deng, L. Yan, C. Sun, X. Chen, Chem. Mater. 19, 3598 (2007)
Y.P. Wang, L. Zhou, M.F. Zhang, X.Y. Chen, J.M. Liu, Z.G. Liu, Appl. Phys. Lett. 84, 1731 (2004)
A.K. Pradhan, K. Zhang, D. Hunter, J.B. Dadson, G.B. Loutts, P. Bhattacharya, R. Katiyar, J. Zhang, D.J. Sellmyer, U.N. Roy, Y. Cui, A. Burger, J. Appl. Phys. 97, 093903 (2005)
M. Valant, A. Axelsson, N. Alford, Chem. Mater. 19, 5431 (2007)
R. Haumont, I.A. Kornev, S. Lisenkov, L. Bellaiche, J. Kriesel, B. Dkhil, Phys. Rev. B. 78, 134108 (2008)
A. Singh, V. Pandey, R.K. Kotnala, D. Pandey, Phys. Rev. Lett. 101, 247602 (2008)
D. Bhuwal, V. Shelke (supporting information)
J.P. Patel, A. Singh, D. Pandey, J. Appl. Phys. 107, 104115 (2010)
S. Bhattacharjee, D. Pandey, J. Appl. Phys. 107, 124112 (2010)
M.N. Illiev, M.V. Abrashev, D. Mazumdar, V. Shelke, A. Gupta, Phys. Rev. B. 82, 014107 (2010)
D. Kothari, V.R. Reddy, V.G. Santhe, A. Gupta, A. Banerjee, A.M. Awasthi, J. Magn. Magn. Mater. 320, 548 (2008)
B. Ramachandran, A. Dixit, R. Naik, G. Lawes, M.S. Ramachandra Rao, Phys. Rev. B. 82, 012102 (2010)
S.T. Zhang, M.H. Lu, D. Wu, Y.F. Chen, N.B. Ming, Appl. Phys. Lett. 87, 262907 (2005)
A. Lahmar, S. Habouti, C.H. Solterbeck, M. Es-Souni, B. Elouadi, J. Appl. Phys. 105, 014111 (2009)
S. Mandal, C.K. Ghosh, D. Sarkar, U.N. Maiti, K.K. Chattopadhyay, Solid State Sci. 12, 1803 (2010)
Acknowledgments
This work is financially supported by M. P. Council of Science and Technology, Bhopal and the University Grants Commission, New Delhi. The work was performed at UGC-DAE Consortium for Scientific Research, Indore. The authors are thankful to Dr. Mukul Gupta and Dr. Vasant Sathe, UGC-DAE Consortium for Scientific Research, Indore for providing experimental facilities.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Pillai, S., Bhuwal, D., Shripathi, T. et al. Synthesis of single phase bismuth ferrite compound by reliable one-step method. J Mater Sci: Mater Electron 24, 2950–2955 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10854-013-1196-0
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10854-013-1196-0